HomeMy WebLinkAbout03102022 Historic Preservation Work Session PacketHistoric Preservation Commission
Work Session Packet
TOPICS: Continue work on the Land Use Table for the Historic
Business District; review and update draft of Seward's Day
proclamation; and continue work on the Design Guidelines
Thursday, March 10, 2022
City Council Chambers Beginning at 6:00 p.m.
All public is invited to attend.
PROCLAMATION
DRAFT
WHEREAS, on March 30, 1867, then Secretary of State William H. Seward signed the
Alaska Purchase Treaty; and
WHEREAS, this treaty negotiated the purchase of Alaska from Russia; and
WHEREAS, it was proclaimed by the State of Alaska that this day be celebrated on the last
Monday of March each year; and
WHEREAS, this day is of special importance to the City of Seward as this city was named
in honor of William H. Seward; and
WHEREAS, in March 1903, John E. Ballaine, one of the founders of this city, bestowed
the name of Seward upon this site because he foresaw the potential of great economic growth for
this port city, just as William H. Seward saw the potential of great economic growth in the
purchase of Alaska.
NOW, THEREFORE, I, Christy Terry, Mayor of the City of Seward, Alaska, do hereby
proclaim Monday, March 28, 2022 as:
SEWARD'S DAY
Dated this 28th Day of March, 2022 THE CITY OF SEWARD, ALASKA
Christy Terry, Mayor
15.05.025 Land use districts —Established, definitions.
(a) Established. The City is hereby divided into land use districts which shall be bounded and defined as shown
on the official land use map. This official map, together with all explanatory matter thereon, as exhibited at
the time of public hearing, is hereby adopted by reference and declared to be a part of this chapter.
(b) Definitions —Purpose.
(1) Rural residential district (RR). Intended to provide for stable, quiet, low density (one or two dwelling
units per acre) detached single-family residential development, free from other uses except those
which are both compatible and convenient to residents of such a district including recreational,
religious and educational facilities of an appropriate scale and design complementary to the
neighborhood character.
(2) Single-family residential district (R1). Intended to provide for stable and quiet low to medium density
(one to five dwelling units per acre) detached, single-family residential development, free from other
uses except those which are both compatible and convenient to residents of such a district.
(3) Two-family residential district (R2). Medium density (one to seven dwelling units per acre) transitional
housing area with a mix of single and two-family units, free from other uses except those which are
both compatible and convenient to residents of such a district.
(4) Multi -family residential district (R3). Intended to provide opportunities for a higher density residential
setting with a mix of housing units which are predominately multi -family units close to concentrations
of public services, employment and/or recreation. This district may provide a transition between more
intensive districts and lower density residential areas if sufficient screening and design features are
provided to protect multi -family residences from undesirable effects.
(5) Urban residential district (UR). Intended to allow an area of higher density mixed residential uses from
detached single-family housing to multi -family apartments in conjunction with compatible low impact
professional office uses in the area surrounding the downtown business district.
(6) Office/residential district (OR). Intended to provide for medium density residential, commercial and
office development designed to act as a transition zone between the high density central business
district and surrounding medium -high density residential districts.
(7) Harbor commercial district (HC). Provides an area for water -dependent or water -related uses with
particular emphasis on transportation, tourist, recreational, commercial or industrial enterprises which
derive major economic or social benefit from a harbor location.
(8) Auto commercial district (AC). Intended to provide areas to accommodate highway -oriented
commercial activities such as offices, certain institutional uses, and limited personal services and retail
uses requiring substantial outdoor activity, traffic and parking, and which also serve the offices and
nearby residential areas, and which do not materially detract from nearby residential areas.
(9) Central business district (CBD). Provides for an area of convenient, attractive, concentrated commercial
development primarily intended for retail, financial, entertainment and professional services occurring
within enclosed structures. Regulations applying to this zone are designed to encourage a compact
group of businesses of the type which are mutually beneficial and located close enough together to
encourage walk-in trade.
(10) Industrial district (1). Established as a district in which the principal use of land is for business,
manufacturing, processing, fabricating, repair, assembly, storage, wholesaling and distributing
operations, which may create some nuisance and which are not properly associated nor compatible
(Supp. No. 23-1)
Created: 2021-09-07 15:35:31 [EST]
Page 1 of 2
with residential land uses. It is intended to provide environmental safeguards for people employed in
or visiting the district. Some visual amenity is expected in this district to make it compatible with
adjoining residential or business districts.
(11) Institutional district (INS). Public and private educational, administrative, government and health care
uses, including public land reserve for future public development. The development standards are
intended to set a high standard to assure that the activities provide visual amenity to the surrounding
area.
(12) Parks district (P). Is intended to designate park, recreation and commemorative property owned by the
City, state or federal governments for recreation and other compatible public purposes.
(13) Resource management district (RM). Lands which are generally undeveloped and cannot be precisely
zoned due to inadequate information on the extension of public services and utilities; the suitability of
the land to support commercial, residential, industrial or public uses; and other possible environmental
consideration.
(14) Historic Business District (HBD)
(Ord. 626, § 3, 1989: Ord. 649, § 2, 1991)
TABLE
Zoning District Designations
The following zoning district abbreviations are provided for information and interpretation:
RR =
Rural, very low density single-family residential
R1=
Single-family, low density residential
R2 =
Single and two-family, medium density residential
R3 =
Single, two and multi -family, high density residential
UR =
Urban residential, a mix of residential uses and low impact home professional offices
OR =
Office residential
AC =
Auto and neighborhood oriented, light commercial
HC =
Harbor commercial
CB =
Central business district - dense downtown commercial
I =
Industrial
RM =
Resource management - partially developable lands subject to floodplains and steep slopes
INS =
Institutional, public, quasi -public uses
P =
Parks
HBD=
Historic Business District
(Supp. No. 23-1)
Created: 2021-09-07 15:35:31 [EST]
Page 2 of 2
l Ct 1 k l 1 sib ,i� .� c C F r x i�'o ��i c
Table 15.10.226. Land Uses Allowed
KEY:
0 - Use Permitted Outright
H - Home Occupation
C - Use Requires Conditional Use Permit
P - Use Requires Administrative Permit
Blank - Use Prohibited
gv
Zoning Districts
Principally Residential
Principally Commercia
Principally
Public
Uses
RR
R1
R2
R3
UR
OR
AC
HC
C
I
RM
INS
P
Accessory building
0
0
10
0
10
0
0
10
10
A, 1
0
0
0
0
Adult entertainment
INTENTIONALLY
LEFT BLANK
Agency, i.e., travel, insurance,
title, real estate, etc.
0
0
0
0
O
0
Agriculture
0
Airport and related services
0
C
Amusement or recreation
facility
0
0
!.
0
Animal shelter
0
C
C
Antenna, personal TV, satellite
dish
0
0
0
0
0
O
0
0
0
f.:
0
0
0
Art gallery
1
O
10
O
0
0
l
Assemblages, temporary large,
i.e., circus, fair
P
P
P
`t'
P
P
P
P
Attraction, permanent major
visitor
C
C
C
C
C
Auditorium
0
0
0
Auto repair, i.e., mechanic, glass
body, upholstery
C
0
Auto service/gas station
0
O
0
Auto/RV sales and rentals
0
O
0
Boat sales
0
0
0
Boat, commercial
building/fabrication
0
0
Boat, harbor/marina
C
C
C
C
C
Boat, repair and maintenance
0
0
0
C
Boat, storage commercial
0
0
0
C
Bulk material, i.e., concrete,
gravel, sand, asphalt
C
C
Business, marine retail sales
and service
O
O
0
O
C
(Supp. No. 23-1)
Created: 2021-09-07 15:35:32 [EST]
Page 4 of 12
Business, package liquor
0
0
0
Business, retail sales and service
0
0
0
0
Business, retail sales and
service, industrial
0
Campground, municipal
C/P
C/P
C/P
C/P
Campground, camper park,
private
C/P
C/P
C/P
Campground, employee
C/P
Car/boat wash
0
0
0
Cemetery
10
C
0
Center, community/civic
0
O
C
C
Center, mariner's
0
0
0
0
Center, senior or teen
C
C
C
0
0
5,
C
C
Child care, licensed center
C
C
0
0
0
;w
C
Child care, licensed home
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
O
U
0
Church
C
C
C
C
C
C
0
0
O
,_
0
Clinic, medical
0
0
0
0
C�j.
0
Clubs,
fraternal/lodges/social/veterans
C
0
0
;t
C
Cluster subdivision
C
C
C
Commercial Communications
tower less than 16 feet
diameter or 75 feet in height
C
C
C
C
C
C
Commercial Communications
tower 16 feet diameter or
greater than 75 feet in height
C
C
C
Correctional/prison facility
C
C
C
C
Crematory
0
Docks/wharves, industrial cargo
0
0
C
C
Dock, passenger
0
0
`.`:•
0
C
0
Drinking establishment, i.e.,
bar, nightclub, lounge
C
C
C
Drive-in facility —Fast food,
banking, etc.
C
C
C
C
C
Dwelling, apartment in a
commercial building (limited to
one unit)
0
0
0
0
0
C
Dwelling, apartment in a
commercial building (two or
more units)
0
O
C
C
Dwelling, apartment, efficiency
or accessory
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
f,
!
Dwelling, apartment, studio
C
C
C
Ci
',
C
C
(5upp. No. 23-1)
Created: 2021-09-07 15:35:32 [EST)
Page 5 of 12
Dwelling, attached single-
family, i.e., townhouse, row
C
C
C
C
C
C
rr
C
Dwelling, condominium
C
C
C
C
C
C
'=
C
Dwelling, detached single-
family
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
C
G
C
Dwelling, group home
0
0
0
O
0
0
C
Dwelling, guest house
0
0
C
Dwelling, multi -family (3 or
more units)
C
C
C
C
C
C
L
C
Dwelling, two-family or duplex
0
0
0
0
0
C
C
Dwelling, watchman or
caretaker
I
O
C
Emergency services, pub/vol;
i.e., fire, ambulance, rescue
C
C
C
C
C
C
O
C
0
..
O
C
0
Financial institution, i.e., bank,
S&L
C
O
0
Flea market, open air retail
other than occasional
C
C
C
Fuels, bulk storage and sales
C
Golf course
0
O
C
Golf driving range
0
0
0
0
C
Greenhouse/nursery—
Commercial
0
0
0
Grocery, convenience store
C
C
C
0
0
0
0
Grocery, supermarket,
foodmart
0
0)
Health club
C
C
0
O
0
(;
Home occupation
0
0
0
0
O
0
0
0
0-
0
Hospital
C
C
House rental on a nightly basis
P
P
P
P
P
P
Housing, bunkhouse
C
C
C
Housing, dormitory
0
O
Housing, nursing, retirement,
convalescent
C
C
C
Kennel, commercial, musher or
fancier
INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
Laundry, dry cleaning
O
C
O
,
0
Library
O
O
0
0
Livestock, excluding chickens
and rabbits
P
P
Livestock, chickens and rabbits
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P,
P
Lodging, B&B, rooms, duplex
and accessory apartment
H/P
H/P
H/P
H/P
H/P
O/P
O/P
O/P
0
(Sapp. No. 23-1)
Created: 2021-09-07 15:35:32 [EST]
Page 6 of 12
Lodging, hostel
P
P
P
P
P
P`
Lodging, hotel, motel, lodge, inn
C
0
C
C
Lodging, multifamily dwelling
apartment
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
Lumber yard/building supply
C
0
C
Manufacturing —noxious, heavy
C
Manufacturing, light
fabrication, assembly
C
0
Merchant, transient
0
0
CO
Mobile home park
C/P
Mobile home, residential, not in
park
INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
Mobile home sales
0
0
Mobile medical unit
0
0
Mobile vendor
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
ti.
P
P
Mortuary/funeral home
O
0
0
Museum
C
0
0
0
O
,_
I
10
Office, boat charter, guide
O
O
0
0
O
C
Office, business or professional
0
O
0
O
0
Office, government/quasi-
government administration
0
0
0
O
0
0
0
Office, mobile/temporary on
construction site
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
Office, home, professional
0
O
0
O
10,
Parking lot
C
C
O
0
0
0
O
O
0"'`0
Personal services, i.e., beauty,
shoe, tailor
0
0
0
0
C,
Planned unit development
C
C
C
C
C
ti.
C
Playground, public tot lot
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0!,
G
0
0
0
Railroad
C
C
C
C
Recreation, commercial indoor,
i.e., bowling, skating
0
0)
0
C
Recreation, outdoor, i.e.,
miniature golf
0
C
C
C
Recreation, shooting range
C
C
C
Recycling center
C
C
0
C
Recycling, self-service drop-off
point
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Repair service, i.e., large
appliance
C
Cj
0
Resource extraction,
commercial subsurface, i.e.,
mining
I
C
C
C
(Supp. No. 23-1)
Created: 2021-09-V 15:35:32 [EST]
Page 7 of 12
Resource extraction,
commercial surface, i.e., gravel
C
C
C
Resource extraction,
commercial timber harvesting
C
C
Restaurant, food service,
catering, brew pub
0
0
0
0.
0
C
Rooming or boarding house
O/P
O/P
O/P
O/P
Roving Vendor
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
Salvage —auto, wrecking, scrap,
junkyard
C
Sawmill or lumbermill
C
C
C
School, college
C
C
C
School, public/private
elementary/secondary
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
CIi
4
C
School, vocational
C
0
0
C
l ;r1
0
C
Seafood processing, i.e.,
canning, rendering
C
C
C
C
Shop, i.e., welding, sheetmetal,
machine, steel fab.
C
C
0
Shop, i.e., wood, signs, cabinet,
upholstery
C
C
0
C
0
Shopping center (mall)
C
C
Solid waste disposal, i.e., baler,
transfer, landfill
C
C
C
Storage, container
P
P
P
P)
0
P
Storage, explosives
g
P
Storage, outdoor, yard,
material/equipment
C
0
O
C
Storage, self service
0
0
!
0
0
Storage, warehouse and
distribution
0
0
0
C
C
Studio, radio/television
C
0
0
01
nj
0
C
Tanks, aboveground associated
with service station
C
C
0
Taxidermy
0
0
0
O
0
Terminal, i.e., bus, truck, freight
0
C
0
C
Terminal, marine/boat
passenger
0
C
r,
0
0
C
Theater, concert, movie
0
0
Tool/equipment rental
0
0
Temporary structure
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
Utility facility, public electric,
water, sewer, etc.
C
C
C
C
C
C
0
0
0
0
0
0
Vehicle impound lot
0
0
(Supp. No. 23-1)
Created: 2021-09-07 15:35:32 [EST]
Page 8 of 12
Vending machine repair,
0
C
0
C
storage
Veterinary hospital
C
C
C
Wind Energy Conversion
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
O
O
O
0
0
Systems (WECS)
(Ord. 94-25; Ord. 95-13; Ord. 95-17; Ord. 96-05; Ord. 96-10; Ord. 96-16; Ord. 97-13; Ord. 98-06; Ord. 98-09; Ord.
99-01; Ord. 99-13, § 2, 1999; Ord. No. 99-10; Ord. 2000-12; Ord. 2001-03; Ord. 2003-08; Ord. 2007-008, § 1, 2007;
Ord. No. 2009-002, § 1; Ord. No. 2010-004, § 2; Ord. No. 2012-002, § 1; Ord. No. 2014-002, § 1; Ord. No. 2014-004,
§ 1; 2015-001, § 1; Ord. No. 2018-002, § 4; Ord. No. 2018-004, § 1; Ord. No. 2019-007, § 1, 3-26-2019; Ord. No.
2020-012, § 1, 10-12-2020)
Editor's notes) —Ord. No. 2018-002, § 4, adopted May 14, 2018, renumbered § 15.10.225 to 15.10.226, as herein
set out.
(Su pp. No. 23-1)
Created: 2023.-05-07 15:35:32 [EST)
Page 9 of 12
APPLICATION PROCESS — Conditional Use Permit Application and Public Hearing
Community Development Department
CUP
Application Applicant asked to provide more
completed ♦ information or corrections.
Community Development
Department review
Preparation by
City Planner
Routed to other City departments for
review and comment, if applicable
Project changes
needed?
Following the application submission, the Corrnmrrtity Development Director will direct staff to
prepare for the required public hearing before the Planning and Zoning Commission.
The Cin, Planner will determine if'additional information is required. The Community
Development Director- and staff may meet with the applicant to discuss the project and explain the
need for additional information.
When the Planner has received other departntent conintents, if necessary, the project niav be
deemed satisfactory. Additional meetings with the applicant may be required.
NO I I Applicant notified with request for
additional in€ormation or corrections
Staff report prepared.
Public hearing scheduled. Hearing notice
published at least twice prior to hearing. (Each of
the two calendar weeks prior to hearing date.)
Planning and Zoning Commission
Public Hearing / determination made
Optional staff/applicant meeting
The project is ready for the public hearing, The Planner will prepare the staff
report and ensure all conditions of approval by other departments are
included in the draft conditions.
Project approved or denied. Determination effective.. unless if approved the applicant may proceed to
i appealed within in 10 days Building Permit phase, if necessary,
Conditional Use Permit Application and Public Hearing
Community Development Department
Why do I need a Conditional Use Permit?
■ Some land uses, although allowed in a particular zoning district, are only permitted under certain conditions. These
uses require a Conditional Use Permit (CUP). In order to make a decision, the Planning and Zoning Commission must
review the application through a public hearing process. It is important that you provide as much project detail as
possible so that staff can prepare a complete report.
■ Once you have submitted a complete application, you are encouraged to work with the City Planner to provide any
additional information. Prior to the public hearing, you may be asked to revise your project or plans so they are
consistent with the Seward Comprehensive Plan and the Zoning Code in order to resolve potential impacts.
■ The application and plans will be routed to the appropriate departments and City Administration for review and
comment.
■ The City Planner or staff will notify you of the public hearing date. The applicant is responsible for posting the
hearing notice on the property and describing the request, including the time and location of the public hearing.
Nearby property owners (within 300 feet) are notified by mail, and a legal advertisement is published (twice) in the
local newspaper.
■ The City Planner prepares a staff report and makes a recommendation to the Planning and Zoning Commission. The
applicant will receive a copy of the staff report prior to the hearing. You or your representative should attend the
public hearing. As the applicant, you will be given an opportunity to speak and may be asked to clarify questions
raised by Commissioners or others present at the hearing.
■ The decision to approve or to deny a permit will be made only after considering the evidence and facts provided by
the applicant, neighbors, Community Development Department staff, other City departments and any other
interested party.
■ The Planning and Zoning Commission, in approving a Conditional Use Permit, may impose conditions which are
deemed necessary to ensure that the project will be compatible with the surrounding area and not harmful to the
public health, safety and welfare. Conditions imposed may involve:
Buffer areas and fences.
— Landscaping and maintenance of the property or snow removal.
— Parking, including vehicle ingress and egress.
— Sign regulations.
— Other conditions found necessary to ensure the project supports the policies and goals of the Zoning Code
and Seward Comprehensive Plan.
■ The Planning and Zoning Commission decision may be appealed. The Planning and Zoning Commission decision may
be appealed. Appeals must be received within 10 days of the public hearing decision. if an appeal is not received, the
decision is effective.
Revised 7/27/2021
City of Seward Community Development Department I P.O. Box 167 1 Seward, Alaska 99664
Phone j Director 907.224.40481 Planner 907.224.4020 1 Planning Assistant 907.224.4049
CITY OF SEWARD Community Development
1'. 0. Box 167
238 5th Avenue 907.` 24.-1,018- D11'eCtcit'
Stward, Alaska 99661907.224.4020- Planner
907.224.4049- Planning Assistant
CONDITIONAL USE PERMIT APPLICATION
This completed application is to be submitted to the Community Development Department no later than
six (6) weeks in advance of the next regularly scheduled Planning and Zoning Commission meeting.
Regular meetings are held the first Tuesday of each month. The application must be accompanied by
the $330 nonrefundable filing fee. In addition, please provide an as -built survey if the property has been
developed or a scaled site plan with elevations if the property is undeveloped.
Applicant:
Address:
Telephone Number:
Property Owner (if other than applicant):
Address:
Telephone Number:
Property Description
Address:
Lot: Block:
Email:
Subdivision:
Kenai Peninsula Borough Tax Parcel ID Number:
Development Information
What structures are on the property?
Wow is the property being used?
What is the proposed use of the property?
What is the development timeline?
Lot Size:
Please note that prior to the Seward Planning and Zoning Commission granting a Conditional Use
Permit, it shall be established that the proposed use satisfies the following conditions of Seward
City Code 15.10.320 (See the attached pages for specific City Code requirements)
A) The proposed use is consistent with the requirements of the Seward Zoning Code and the
designated zoning district. Please describe the use. Central Business (CB)
B) Describe any impacts to the adjoining properties and how property values may be affected.
C) How is the proposed use consistent with the Seward Comprehensive Plan? Explain. You can
view the plan at: http://www.cityofseward.ust
D) Describe 1 list the public services and facilities that will serve the proposed use, (i.e., roads,
utilities,)
E) The proposed project or use must not be harmful to the public health, safety and welfare.
Describe any mitigation measures that may be needed to protect the public health, safety and
welfare.
F) Include building elevation plans and a site plan, drawn to scale. The site plan should include:
1) Property dimensions ❑
2) Location and dimensions of existing and planned buildings ❑
3) Parking configuration ❑❑
4) Driveways and access ❑
5) Natural features ❑
6) Other pertinent information ❑
hereby certify that the above statements and other information submitted are true and accurate
to the best of my knowledge and that I have the following legal interest in the property:
Owner of record
I understand that this item will be scheduled for action only if all application materials are
submitted not less than three weeks in advance of the next regularly scheduled Planning and
Zoning Commission meeting. Regular meetings are held the first Tuesday of every month.
Applicant Signature:
Property Owner Signature:
Enclosed:
$330 Payment
Dimensioned plot plan 1 drawings
Other:
15.10.320. Conditional use permits.
(a) Intent. It is recognized that there are some uses which may be compatible with designated
principal uses in specific zoning districts provided certain conditions are met. The
conditional use permit procedure is intended to allow flexibility in the consideration of
the impact of the proposed use on surrounding property, and the application of controls
and safeguards to assure that the proposed use will be compatible with the surroundings.
The commission shall permit this type of use if the conditions and requirements listed in
this chapter are met. The allowed uses are listed in the land uses allowed table 15.10.225.
Before a conditional use permit may be granted, the procedures specified in this chapter
must be followed.
(b) Applications. Applications for a conditional use permit shall be filed in writing with the
city clerk. The application shall include but is not limited to the following:
(1) Name and address of the applicant;
(2) Verification by the owner of the property concerned if other than the applicant;
(3) A legal description of the property involved;
(4) A description of the proposed use;
(5) Dimensioned plot plans showing the location of all existing and proposed buildings or
alteration, and such data as may be required; and
(6) The appropriate fee as established by city council resolution.
(c) Public hearing. If the application is in order, a public hearing shall be scheduled in
accordance with the requirements of section 15.01.040 of this title.
(d) Review criteria. Prior to granting a use permit, it shall be established that the use satisfies
the following conditions:
(1) The use is consistent with the purpose of this chapter and the purposes of the zoning
district;
(2) The value of the adjoining property will not be significantly impaired;
(3) The proposed use is in hannony with the comprehensive plan;
(4) Public services and facilities are adequate to serve the proposed use;
(5) The proposed use will not be harmful to the public safety, health or welfare;
(6) Any and all specific conditions deemed necessary by the commission to fulfill the above -
mentioned conditions shall be met by the applicant. These may include but are not
limited to measures relative to access, screening, site development, building design,
operation of the use and other similar aspects related to the proposed use.
(e) Approval resolution. At any time after the hearing required in section 15.20.320(c), the
commission may adopt a resolution approving a conditional use permit provided that it
includes findings of fact that the review criteria in section 15.10.320(d) have been met.
Upon adoption, the city shall cause a copy of the resolution to be posted for at least ten
days in at least three public places within the city. An appeal of the commission's action
may be made at any time until the resolution becomes effective. Unless rescinded,
amended or appealed any resolution adopted under this chapter automatically becomes
effective ten days after passage and posting.
(f) Modification of final approval.
(I) An approved conditional use permit may, upon application by the pennittee, be modified
by the planning and zoning commission:
When changed conditions cause the conditional use to no longer confonn to the standards
for its approval.
b. To implement a different development plan conforming to the standards for its approval.
(2) The modification application shall be subject to a public hearing and a filing fee set by
city council resolution.
(g) Expiration; extensions; transferability.
(1) An approved conditional use pen -nit lapses six months after approval if no building
permit is procured or if the allowed use is not initiated.
(2) The commission may grant time extensions not to exceed six months each upon a finding
that circumstances have not changed sufficiently to warrant reconsideration of the
approval of the conditional use permit. A request for an extension must be submitted
prior to the expiration of the permit. A public hearing shall not be required prior to
granting an extension of time.
(3) A conditional use permit shall automatically expire if for any reason the conditioned use
ceases for a period of one year or longer_
(4) A conditional use permit is not transferrable from one parcel of land to another.
Conditional use permits may be transferred from one owner to another for the same use,
but if there is a change in use on the property, a new permit must be obtained.
(Ord. 626, § 3, 1989: Ord. 649, § 5, 1991; Ord. 94-56; Ord. 97-15; Ord. 98-06)
CITY OF SEWARD
HISTORIC BUSINESS DISTRICT
DESIGN STANDARDS & GUIDELINES
An Addendum to 2017 Historic Preservation Plan
For Implementing and Moving Forward
March 10, 2022 HP WS
PLACEHOLDER
CREDITS
Past & Present Historic Preservation Commissioners
Cheryl Seese, Chair
Sue Ward, Vice Chair
Tanguy Libbrecht
Mary Ann Benoit
Jim Pemberton
Dona Walker
Art LeMaster
Wolfgang Kurtz
Fred Woelkers
Sherry Furlong
Iris Darling
Michelle Cobble
Historic Preservation Downtown Historic District Overlay Committee
Sue Ward
Tanguy Libbrecht
Mary Ann Benoit
Iris Darling
Other Contributors & Resources
Resurrection Bay Historical Society
Seward Community Library Foundation
Linda Lasota
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Table of Contents
PLACEHOLDER
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Redlined edits in this Intro furnished by
Vice Chair Ward
INTRODUCTION
Seward has a vibrant history that spans several generations and is reflected in the many historic
structures +"^+ Survived throughout the community. The P)e;ve*avwp Historic Business District, in the
heart of Seward, has a diverse range of older buildings that provides visual interest to residents and
visitors. They aP4 stand as a -symbols of the community's role in the development of South Central
Alaska. This includes the first bank, in the state located in Brown & Hawkins, and the Cable House,
which significantly impFeved reduced communication times to the lower 48 states. Seward is also
Mile 0 of the Iditarod Trail.
The importance of the downtown historic area +s was recognized by the Secretary of the Interior, with
several buildings being listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The City of Seward has also
bestowed a local historic district designation on this part of downtown, w hich is important to the
community, the state, and the nation. , and ;s enjeyed by Fesid^n+5; and visit Fs thF bigh „t the yeaF.
Preserving the integrity of the Downtown Historic District is a high priority for the community
because it saves akey paFt-e-Seward's heritage history, enhances quality of life, ai44 supports
economic development, and heritage tourism.
This document presents Design Guidelines for the City of Seward's Peawtavwn Historic
Business District as ^ means of to protect+pg historic resources and promot6 g compatible
new construction, reconstruction, and improvements yimthmA thpor eeAtext. These guidelines
offer criteria for preserving, repairing, and replacing determining the ap priateness f
Chapter 8 of the 2017 HP Plan addresses the development of a Downtown
Historic District and Guidelines.
'!E, -- .ILx,F _ � TJ74 -
West View of 4th Avenue in June 1923
July 2019
This timeframe = 96 years, not 115
A view looking west along Fourth Avenue, as it appeared over a 115-year period, illustrates a moderate pace of
change. Many early buildings survive, and others from the mid -Twentieth Century have also taken on historic
significance. " buildings ref4eet their ewn tinges-, in terms ef sty!&, but Gre eempGtible with their elde
neighbers beeGuse they shGre bGsie similGrities ef design Gt G mere fundGmentGl level. These feGtures Gre Gddresse
March 10, 2022 HP WS
What are Design Guidelines?
While they are focused on the designated Downtown Historic District, the Design Guidelines may be
applied to key historic structures outside of the district designated by the city, such as the '^-s-s^' ^^
Saint Peter's or the Ballaine House on Millionaire's Row.
Some of the guidelines are written
specifically for improving historic
Structures; others apply to non-contributing,
existing buildings; and, still others apply to
completely new "infill" construction.
Why have Design Guidelines?
Design Guidelines help establish a common
understanding of preservation principles and
standards. Retaining the historic character
that exists downtown is an important goal
for Seward. The historic resources of Seward
could be vulnerable to inappropriate
alteration and demolition. These resources
are key parts of the community's identity and
livability, and through heritage tourism, its
economy, as well.
Who uses Design Guidelines?
These Design Guidelines have been written
primarily for use by the citizens of Seward
and are recommended by the Historic
Preservation Commission. These guidelines
are also intended for use by property owners
in making decisions about proposed
rehabilitation and new construction projects
that will be sensitive to the historic character
of the district and individual landmarks.
Saint Peter's Episcopal Church
March 10, 2022 HP WS
When to use the Design Guidelines
The Design Guidelines should be consulted for all projects which may affect the integrity of historic
resources. While ordinary repair and maintenance is appropriate, seemingly minor alterations to a
historic structure, such as enclosing a storefront or changing windows, can have a dramatic effect on
the character of a historic structure. The following is a list of common changes that can have a
significant impact on the integrity of a historic structure :
• Construction of a new addition
• Alteration or restoration of exterior features of a historic building
• Removal or demolition, in whole or in part, of a historic building
• Alteration of a storefront
• Application of a new exterior siding material
• Addition of a new window or door opening
• Creation of a driveway or a parking area
• Application of architectural features and other miscellaneous modifications, such as
cornices and bulkheads
This list is not all inclusive, but indicative of the types of changes to which these Design Guidelines
apply. For questions regarding permits and the applicability of these guidelines, please contact ?
Where do Design Guidelines apply?
The Design Guidelines apply to properties within the P)e;vA*avwp Historic Business District, as shown
on the enclosed map. These guidelines may also be applicable to individual historic properties
nominated by the owner or the City of Seward, even though they are outside of the designated
historic district.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Compliance with Design Guidelines
Development within the Downtown Historic District shall comply with all of the relevant guidelines. In
some cases, there may be a conflict among the relevant guidelines. This shall be determined (a review
process to be developed) so as not to restrict development or add an unnecessary burden to the
property owners.
Relation to Land Use Code
These Downtown Historic District Design Standards and Guidelines comprise regulations adopted
pursuantto Seward's existing zoning and buildingcodes.
Recommend an addition to Land Use code, current Land Use code does not take historic building into
account. A new category should be added for those buildings in the Historic District: Historic Business
District. These guidelines would apply to the HBD and any other designated buildings.
Do Design Guidelines dictate taste?
The guidelines reflect basic approaches to design that will help preserve the historic integrity of
the district. They do not dictate style, but they do require compatibility with the historic character
of the district. They also reflect the values of the community, including its goals to preserve the
historic buildings and character of Downtown Seward.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Seward's Downtown Historic District
The boundary of the Downtown Seward Historic District includes a concentration of "contributing"
structures ,
Street itself fer several mere bleeks Need a description to include properties on east side of Third
Avenue, properties on west side of Sixth Avenue, Hoben Park and Depot to the south, and Jefferson
Street.
*Depth of area subject to the designated height limit.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
PLANNING A PRESERVATION PROJECT
When planning a preservation project, it is important to assemble sufficient information about the
property to determine its significance and the degree to which it retains its integrity as a historic
resource. Then, a specific approach to the overall treatment of the property should be established.
This may include keeping the building in its current character, while making appropriate repairs, or
also incorporating new, compatible changes. It is then important to determine how surviving
historic features will be treated. This may include preserving those features that remain intact,
repairing those that are deteriorated and replacing others. These steps in planning a preservation
project are presented in this section.
W1!
VAN GILDER
Von Gilder Hotel, 2020
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Step 1: Conduct Historic Research
Understanding the history of a building is
important to any preservation project. An early
question is: does the building date from the
period of significance for the district? The method
of construction, the historic uses and other unique
features will influence which preservation
approach is most appropriate. Useful materials to
investigate a building's history include Sanborn
Maps, historic photos, and written histories of
Seward. Good starting places to obtain historic
building information are the Community
Development Department, Resurrection Bay
Historic Society, State Historical Library, and the
Historic Preservation Commission for the City of
Seward.
Step 2: Determine Historic Integrity
Buildings with integrity have a sufficient percentage
of structure exhibiting characteristics from the
period of significance, which is identified in a Survey
of Historic Resources by the Seward Historic
Preservation Commission in the Seward Downtown
Historic District. The majority of a building's
structural system and its materials should date from
that time and its key character -defining features also
should remain including the overall mass and form
of the building. These key elements allow a building
to be recognized as a product of its time. A building
with a high degree of historic integrity qualifies as a
"contributing" property to the district. Others have
lost their integrity and are termed "non-
contributing".
See National Park Service (NPS)
Preservation Brief 17: Architectural
Character: Identifying the Visual Aspects of
Historic Buildings as an Aid to Preserving
Their Character, for further information.
The Cable House, early2011 century
Better photo
The Cable House, 2019
A building has historic integrity when it maintains
its original character -defining features, structural
system, and building materials. A comparison of
historic (early 201 century) and contemporary
(2019) photographs demonstrates that this
building retains a high degree of integrity.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Definition of a Contributing Property
Contributing properties form the foundation of historic districts and are either individually eligible
for the National Register or clearly contribute to the district's historic character. These are buildings
that are in comparatively original condition; some have minor alterations and others have been
appropriately restored. These buildings might still be improved by some further restoration efforts.
Information on buildings that are identified as "Contributing" by Seward is available to the public. Is
there info?
Often, a property may also be considered contributing if it has one or more of the following
attributes:
• Has character, interest or value as part of the local, regional, state or national history,
heritage, or culture;
• Is the site of a significant historic event;
• Is identified with a person or persons who significantly contributed to the local,
regional, state, or national culture and history;
• Exemplifies the cultural, economic, social or historic heritage of the community;
�• Represents a distinctive architectural era;
Embodies the distinguishing characteristics of an architectural type or specimen
Train Depot • Includes the work of an architect, engineer, or master builder whose individual work
Great example has influenced the development of the community;
• Embodies elements of architectural or engineering design, detail, materials, or
craftsmanship which represent a significant architectural innovation or which is
unique.
The guidelines for rehabilitation shall apply to all contributing properties.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Non -Contributing Property
There are other buildings that exist within the boundaries of the historic district that do not
contribute to its significance. Some of these are ones that have an early construction date, but have
been so substantially altered that they no longer convey the historic character, and the later
alterations have no significance in themselves. Other properties are more recent and, therefore,
have not taken on historic significance. Many are still "compatible" with the character of the district,
but are not "contributors" in terms of the history of the area. Therefore, there are two types of
"non-contributing" properties: (1) Older structures that have lost their integrity, and (2) new
buildings that are not within the period of significance for the district.
When reviewing improvements to non-contributing properties, preservation approaches are not
required. What is important is that any alterations be compatible with the character of the district, just
as any new, infill construction should be. Therefore, the guidelines for new construction shall apply
to all non-contributing properties.
The Seward Community Library Museum
(top) and the Petro Plaza (bottom) were
constructed later than the historic period of
significance and are considered "non-
contributing" properties.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Differing Degrees of Integrity
Roof Cornice
with brackets
Double -hung
windows
Clerestory
Windows
Display
Windows
Recessed Entry
Original Intact— High Degree of Integrity
_,,,—Simplified
Brackets
Replaced
Windows
Enclosed Space
___ 11
Kickplate
Decoration
Moderate Alterations— Retains Sufficient
I ntegrity
Altered Roof
Form
_ Altered Window
Openings
L New Siding
Clerestory
Windows Removed
d-=-- --- - Flush Entry
Non -Contributing— Integrity is Lost
This property retains a high degree of integrity, • most of
the original features and materials survive. It would be
rated "Contributing."
In this case, the building has lostsome of its original
features and materials, and integrity has been
compromised. Nonetheless, these losses are retrievable
and, therefore, the building retains its historic integrity.
This building has lost nearly all of the structure's historic
fabric. It is no longer possible to adequately interpret its
historic character and, therefore, has lost its historic
integrity.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Step 3: Identify Key Features
If the property is determined to be a contributor to the district, then it is important to identify
which features are significant. This will help determine to what degree the property should be
preserved as it is, or where there may be opportunities for compatible alterations to occur.
St. Peter's Episcopal Church, 2020
Step 4: Choose an Approach for Improvement
Preservation projects may include a range of activities, such as maintenance of existing historic
elements, repairs of deteriorated materials, the replacement of missing features, and construction
of new additions. The following is a list of approaches that are appropriate for contributing
properties:
• Preservation. "Preservation" is the act or process of applying measures to sustain
the existing form, integrity, and material of a building. Some work focuses on keeping
a property in good working condition by repairing features as soon as deterioration
becomes apparent, using procedures that retain the original character and finish of
the features. Property owners are strongly encouraged to maintain properties in
good condition.
• Rehabilitation. "Rehabilitation" is the process of returning a property to a state that
makes a contemporary use possible while still preserving those portions or features
of the property which are significant to its historical, architectural, and cultural
values. Rehabilitation may include a change in use of the building or additions.
• Restoration. "Restoration" reproduces the appearance of a building exactly as it
looked at a particular moment in time. This process may include the removal of later
work or the replacement of missing historic features.
• Reconstruction. "Reconstruction" of a building means rebuilding a structure, or a
portion of one, that no longer exists exactly as it appeared historically.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Step 5: Choosing a Treatment for Building Components
Selecting an appropriate treatment for specific building components of contributing properties will
provide for proper preservation of significant features. The treatment options are presented in
order of preference. In making a selection, follow this sequence:
1. Preserve: If a feature is intact and in good condition, maintain it as such.
2. Repair: If the feature is deteriorated or damaged, repair it to its original condition.
3. Replace: If it is not feasible to repair the feature, then replace it with one that is the
same, or similar, in character to the original one (e.g., materials, detail, finish).
Replace only that portion which is beyond repair.
4. Reconstruct: If the feature is missing entirely, reconstruct it from appropriate
evidence.
5. New feature or addition: If a new feature or addition is necessary, design it in such a
way as to minimize the impact on original features. It is also important to distinguish
new features from original historic elements.
The Alaska Shop and an addition.
This contemporary addition to a historic building is
appropriate. The addition is set back for the street facade,
minimizing the impact on the existing structure. The materials
on the addition are also distinguishable from the historic fabric
and clearly read as a product of its time.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Alterations
Many historic structures have experienced alterations as tastes changed or the need for additional
space occurred. Early alterations typically were subordinate in scale and character to the main
building and were often executed using materials similar to those used historically.
Some early alterations may have historic value of their own. Recent alterations usually have no
historic value. Alterations are anticipated to continue. It is important that new alterations be
designed in a manner compatible with the historic character of the building and implemented
without damaging the historic fabric.
r u�
Sew rd's Matn.Street,July 15, 1920. nek(Uiukx RC.11— )
Fourth Avenue in the mid-1920s (left) and in 2019 (right).
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Criteria for Replacing Historic Features
If a historic structure has been altered, what is
the appropriate approach for its treatment?
When a historically significant building has an
important, character -defining feature that is
deteriorated, altered, or missing, it is clear that
the feature should be repaired or, if repair is
impossible, it should be replaced with materials
that are similar to that which existed historically
to maintain the integrity of the building.
Sometimes, under certain circumstances,
replacing the missing feature or alteration with
contemporary, but compatible, new features
might be appropriate.
Thus, there are two treatments which could be
appropriate for repairing or replacing missing or
altered features:
• Option A: Reconstruct the historic
design. This is the preferred treatment.
• Option B: Replace the missing or altered
feature with a contemporary but
compatible new feature.
If original is missing, two options may be
considered (see below)
The original details may be recon- structed, if
good evidence is available. This is the preferred
treatment.
A simplified version of the original may be
considered. Be sure to use the major lines of the
original detail.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
eview Process
The re (ew authority must determine which option (A or B) is appropriate when evaluating propo als
for the r lacement of deteriorated, non -historic alterations or missing historic features on hi oric
buildings i Seward. There are three main criteria that will be considered when handling ese
types of situ ions:
• First, what is th significance of the building? If the building has a high level of ignificance, then
reconstruction is eferred. If the building is contributing to the historic sens of the street but is
not landmark qualit then more flexibility maybe allowed. Either replacin the feature using
Option A and B can be onsidered.
• Second, to what degree h the building retained its historic integrand how important is the i
missing or altered feature to conveying the historic character of t e building? If the building has
retained a high degree of its hi toric integrity and the missing fe ture is important to the
building's character, then it shou be reconstructed. If the bu ding has been substantially
altered, then both Options A and B escribed can be consid red.
• Third, what is the quality of inform atio about the hist is features of the building? This criteria
addresses the practical issue of whetherJr not thF toric features literally can be replaced or
replicated. There may not be sufficient info �t,
ilable about the historic feature to be
confident that it can be replaced accurately.
For more information about the Review Process, contAct the City of Seward Community
Development and Building Departments, ao also the Hi toric Preservation Commission.
Downtown Seward, AK, 2020
To be determined
March 10, 2022 HP WS
�� ��� Guidelines |^ Apply
How the
The chart below i I I ustrates how in dividu a I chapters of the guide I ines apply to specific property
types and construction projects. Seetheappendixforanexp|anationoftheternnsusedinthe"+voe
of work" column. To determine if a property is designated as "Contributing" contact the Cit»'s
Community Development Department and the Historic Preservation Commission. ? Discussion on
role ofHPand CDD
propL-rty' in thL- Dawntuwi,
IX
X
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X
X
X
x7
I I i5auric District.
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* Depends on how historic an owner wants to go; all chapters may apply
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Seward'sMain.Streetjuly 15, 1920. AHL(Aluka nkc0111"I'll)
Figure 12. Fourth Avenue in the mid 1920s.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Structure of the Design Guidelines
Each design guide line presented includes several components that constitute the criteria upon
which design review decisions will be made.
Design Element Topic
The guidelines are grouped into pertinent design element categories (e.g., site planning, building
materials, store fronts).
Policy Statement
Each design element category has a policy statement that explains the City of Seward's basic
approach to the treatment of that topic. In cases where the detailed Design Guidelines do not
appear to address a situation, the general policy statement shall serve as the basis for determining
appropriateness.
Design Guidelines
Specific Design Guidelines are numbered in orderto reference them during the design review
process. The guidelines are not numbered in order of importance.
Additional Information
Supplementary information is listed as bullet (•) statements.
Illustrations
Design Guidelines may be accompanied by a photograph and/or illustration that supports the
guideline language.
Design Element > Windows and ❑00rs
Topic Original windows and doors are important features that
help convey the character of a building. Original elements
Policy Statements shall be preserved, when feasible.
Design Guideline o 3.11 Maintain historic storefront openings.
The size and shape of the storefront are important
Bullets Provide > characteristics that contribute to the integrity of a
Additional historic commercial building. Avoid altering the
Information shapes of these features.
If these elements have already been altered,
consider restoring them if their original condition
can be determined.
Illustration
Sample guideline format.
"S
Door at Brown and
Hawkins.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Chapter 1
Redlined edits in this Chapter furnished by
Vice Chair Ward
March 10, 2022 HP WS
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF HISTORIC PRESERVATION
This chapter addresses the role of preservation in Seward, including a discussion of general
principles and benefits of preservation. This, then forms the base for preservation policies in the
community.
OrlanderBuilding
Figure 15. OrlanderBuilding (2020)
March 10, 2022 HP WS
BENEFITS OF PRESERVING HISTORIC BUILDINGS
Construction Quality
Many of the buildings in Downtown Seward were constructed
with care. These buildings were thoughtfully detailed with high
quality finishes — features that owners today appreciate. The
high quality of construction in historic structures is, therefore, a
"value" for both the building owner and the community.
Livability and Quality of Life
A physical sense of identity can reinforce desirable community
social patterns and contribute to a sense of security. When
groups of commercial buildings complement each other in their
historic context, they create a street scene that is "pedestrian
friendly," which encourages walking and neighborly interaction.
Decorative architectural features and distinct architectural
styles also contribute to a sense of identity, an attribute that is
rare and difficult to achieve in newer areas of the city. Tourists
note that Seward is one of the last truly Alaska
towns.
Economic Incentives
Figure 15. Fourth Avenue (2020)
These incentive programs include the National Trust Loans Fund (NTLF), National Trust Community
Investment Corporation, and the National Preservation Endowment. The NTLF consists of the Inner -
City Ventures Fund (ICVF) and the National Preservation Loan Fund (NPLF). The NPLF provides
funding to a spectrum of projects including the rehabilitation of historic buildings and sites. The
National Community Investment Corporation makes equity investments in real estate projects that
qualify for federal historic tax credits and when available state historic tax credits and New Market Tax
Credits. The National Preservation Endowment provides funds to nonprofit organizations and public
agencies. The funds offered can be utilized for preservation planning and educational efforts as well
as intervention funds for emergency preservation projects. Please contact the NTHP for specific
information regardingthese and other preservation funding opportunities.
There is also a Federal Rehabilitation Tax Credit; the program is managed by the National Parks Service
and Internal Revenue Service in partnership with State Historic Preservation Offices. The federal
government makes available a 20% income tax credit for certified rehabilitation projects that are
National Historic Landmarks listed on the National Register, and that contribute to the National
Register Historic District and certain local historic districts. These are only available to income -
producing properties. Contact the City of Seward Historic preservation planner ? to discuss possible
funding options. In some cases, owners also may donate a facade easement and take a charitable gift
donation. The City of Seward may offer some incentives for restoration of these properties.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Economic Benefits to the Community
Historic structures are irreplaceable. They bestow an identity
and provide a tangible history of a place. These qualities make
them highly desirable to both members of the community and
property owners. Maintaining the historic character of the
district encourages heritage tourism which is an important part
of the local economy.
Studies show that each dollar spent on a rehabilitation project
continues to circulate in the local economy five to seven times,
which helps support other businesses. Rehabilitation projects
also contribute more to the local economy than do new
building programs because each dollar spent on a preservation
project has a higher percentage devoted to local labor. By
contrast, new construction typically has a higher percentage of
each dollar spent devoted to materials that are produced
outside of the local economy. Therefore, when money is spent
on rehabilitating a building, it has a higher "multiplier effect;'
keeping more money in the local economy.
Responsibility of Ownership
The first step in planning a
preservation project is to identify
and maintain significantfeatures
and materials.
Ownership of a historic property carries a responsibility to respect the historic character of the
property and its setting. Ultimately, residents and property owners should recognize that historic
preservation is a long-range community objective, that promotes economic well-being and overall
viability of the community at large.
Mar eJ00w2Gv22vJiP01/'1/ S
BASIC PRINCIPLES FOR NON-CONTRIBUTING AND NEW CONSTRUCTION
Figure 18. The firststep in planning a
preservation project is to identify and
maintain significant features and
materials. Inset doors are significant
features.
i
7"
Figure 19. Brown and Hawkins on Fourth
Avenue in Seward in the 19xxs when a brick
fagade was added. This was later removed and
restored.
There are structures in the historic district that are non-
contributing and other sites where new infill construction will
occur. For these situations, the focus of design should be on
being compatible with the historic context, and not on the
principles for treatment of a historic property that are outlined
earlier in this section. More flexibility is afforded to these sites,
in terms of the details of design, when they respect the overall
relationships of building mass, form, materials, scale and
setting.
The historic district remains a vital place A:4e-stly built
but there are still opportunities for new development within its
boundaries. Designing a building to fit within the historic
district requires careful thought. It is important to realize that
while a historic district conveys a certain sense of time and
place associated with its history, it is also dynamic The
following principles apply:
Respect the design characterof the nearby historic
properties. Don't try to make a new building look older
than it is. The copying or exact replication of architectural
styles or specific historic buildings is discouraged. Often, a
contemporary interpretation of those architectural styles
seen historically will work best.
Maintain the setbacks and alignments of buildings in the
surrounding context.
Relate to the scale of nearby historic buildings. A new
building shall relate at the street level to the general size ,
shape and proportions of historic buildings.
;.vhieh it rel-ate-5; te the StFeet, and its basie mass, fe.rm -;;Ad- mate.rial-s—ratheF than applying detailing whiGh
hi-st ,r„- ee_.,textyAile -,Ise, p Fed bi „-0 t i si FO as being
Period of Significance
In most cases, a property is significant because it represents or is associated with a particular period
in its history. Frequently, this begins with the construction of the building and continues through the
peak of its early occupation. Building fabric and features that date from the period of significance
typically contribute to the character of the structure.
The Downtown Seward Historic District has a period of significance which spans 50 years (1903-
1953). Throughout this period of significance, the district has been witness to a number of buildings
and additions which have become an integral part of the area. GenveFsel); sever -,I +r,, +„ es have
Early alterations, additions or new construction (more than 50 years old) may have become
historically significant and thus merit preservation:
• Many additions or alterations to buildings and districts that have taken place in the course of time
are themselves evidence of the history of the building and its neighborhood and therefore may
merit preservation.
More recent alterations, additions or new construction that are not historically significant may be
removed:
For example, asphalt, aluminum, vinyl or other synthetic siding may presently obscure the original
siding. In this case, removal of this alteration and restoration of the original material is
appropriate and strongly encouraged.
Most alterations less than fifty years old lack historic significance.
Figure 19. Brown and HawU arn;-db1Pa,2Q2 a PdeY 5e 19xxs when it was
fashionable and then later removed to reflect the original historic character.
Chapter 2
March 10, 2022 HP WS
HISTORY AND CHARACTER OF SEWARDIS DOWNTOWN HISTORIC
DISTRICT
With the discovery of gold in 1898 in Nome and the railroad enthusiasts to begin a "Gateway to
Alaska's interior", permanent commercial establishments, including groceries, housing, mercantile
stores and other structures began building up rapidly the new town of Seward, Alaska and it first
settlers.
Please refer to the Number 11 Appendices of the 2017 Seward Historic Preservation Plan which list
all the national and state historic properties at this as it has now been updated. Basic information
can be found in Appendix B through F.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Building Types and Styles
Many of Seward's downtown buildings are excellent representations of early twentieth century
commercial architecture as it evolved in the territoryof Alaska.
Early 20th Century Commercial, Art Deco and Art Moderne architectural styles are found here.
Some other historic buildings do not fall into any specific architectural style, but they tend to have
similar characteristics which help to define the downtown's unique historic character. These
characteristics include wooden storefront windows on the first floor, double hung windows on the
upper stories, flat roofs and canopies over the street fronts.
l��r'X.F.QL �— Cornice
Vertically oriented windows
I
Belt course
I
L---.:. L D
hansom
.21 Ile—_
Canopy
5torefrort display windows
' Recessec. ertr,,
Kickpiate
Traditional commercial storefronts in Downtown Seward include many of these features. These
are consistentfeatures among many styles in downtown.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Characteristics
• Variety in color and texture - Texture and color is used to give the building a human scale and
accentuate vertical and horizontal lines.
• Stucco and tile combined - Colored brick or tile was used as a decorative element to accent the
stucco siding.
• Projecting sunshades —Canopies and awnings were common additions to street level fronts.
• Rounded corner windows
• Zigzag or chevron moldings -Zigzag, chevron and diamond patterns were often used to decorate
the cornice.
• Molded metal panels or grills
• Stylized floral patterns
• Repetitive geometric forms
• Carrara glass
Buildings built between 1921 and 1939 in the Art Deco style often have smooth surfaces, stylized
motifs decorating the facade and vertical projections about the roof line. An example is the Alaska
Electric Light, and Power Building (1936) in Juneau.
he Alaska Electric Light and Power Building
C'nange to Seward details
March 10, 2022 HP WS
A decorative panel serves as a cap
to a vertical attached column, or
pilaster, a typical Art Deco detail.
Geometric shapes enrich cornices
and other facade components in
the Art Deco style.
This example of an Art Deco storefront has proportions which are typical to the style. The kickplates
make up roughly 15% of the storefront's height, where 10-15% is typical for this style. 55% of the
overall storefront height is the storefront windows, typically a range of 50-70% is seen. The
transom windows make up the top 30% of this building's storefront, typical transom range from 15-
30%. With two larger bays surrounding a recessed entry the horizontal proportions of this
building are also representative of this style. The width of horizontal bays varies more than vertical
proportions as they are more dependent on the overall building width. Typical proportions for
recessed entries range from 20- 30% and for each storefront bay vary between 30 and 40% of the
overall bay width.
35% 30% 31
Art Deco storefront proportions.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Chapter 3
Redlined edits in this chapter furnished by
Commissioner LeMaster
March 10, 2022 HP WS
DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR REHABILITATION OF HISTORIC PROPERTIES
This chapter Chapter3 presentsd2SigR guidelines for rehabilitating ##_-
+r +,- elpt f historic properties in Seward's Downtown Historic District. The
guidelines are based on a "three level" approach:
• Level #1 the imp-4 level is to preserve existing historic features,
• Level #2 the ReXt lev is to repair deteriorating features, and
• Level #3 +he ;f f.,@WFeS e h.,.,9Rd Fep@mr-, +H^ fiA@1 level is to replace
those features in kind, if features are beyond repair.
This three -step sequence of treatments reflects the principles
outlined in Chapter 1, OR ter where the least intervention
f^r hm,+^rle ^Y,,peReRt is preferred. These basic guidelines
f^r r^h-,h;l;+-,+;^n apply to the property as a whole, as well as
to individual building components. PHr+heF gHid-,n,.^ Ah^„+
bull dir,.,.,1.,Y,-,eRts i PF9.dP d OR - -ham .. He + h .,+ rS
Wmot ompliance with all of the guidelines is expected, but
there may be circumstances whiehr where a l9@l@RGiRg e#the
spe
eific guide lines and their r+^r+ State., eRtS W II ^ Arrl^r
balanced approach is needed to achieve the most appropriate
preservation solution.
Preserve
Historic properties in the Downtown Historic District should be
maintained to prevent the need for more extensive repairs or
replacement of building features in the future.
• Regular maintenance to a historic building and its features will
minimize the need to replace historic materials.
• Maintain photographic documentation of the property for use in
future preservation efforts.
• Deferred maintenance may result in "demolition by neglect."
St. Peter's Episcopal Church.
239 Second Ave., Seward AK
Historic materials, architectural details and window and door openings
contribute to the character of A structure and are referred to as 304SecondAve, SewardAK
character defining features. They are often closely associated with
specific architectural styles. These features shall be preserved when
feasible; their continued maintenance is the best preservation method.
Preserve significant stylistic and architectural features.
• Canopies, storefront windows, cornices and decorative concrete castings are
examples of architectural features that should not be removed or altered.
The -best PFeSeFV@ti9R PF9Ged61Fe-is to FA@i Tt-aiR nF-tBFie fe-aW,rts#;v,A the
@S FUSt FeRq9V@IIEa,,I�,limitedP@iRt FeM9V@l r d Fe@PPliG@ti9R
These ;hA, ld RAt h-,r +hp hm,#Arm-,+.,r0-,1
Do not remove or alter archite�tJ iral d to hat 1� gQpd�cppdition or
that can be repaired. Da rC�i �, -'02L f i F' —1
4-4 Avoid adding elements or details that were not part of the original building. For example, details
such as decorative millwork from a Late Victorian style should not be added to an Art Deco building.
34 Protect architectural details from moisture accumulation that may cause damage. Regularly check
details that have surfaces which can hold moisture for long periods of time. This is especially
important along cornices and parapets.
43 Maintain original siding materials.
• Using any material, either synthetic or conventional, to cover historic material is inappropriate.
geong se vie ld- nhme- -r^ This obscures the original character and changes the dimensions of
walls, whi h are particularly i;etieeahle around door and window openings. The extra layer
also could hide or cause further decay.
• If a property already has a non -historic building material covering the original, it is inappropriate
to add another layer of new material, which would further obscure the original. Removing the
covering is recommended.
-3-4 Preserve original materials that show signs of wear rather than replace them when feasible. All
materials weather over time and a scarred finish does net represent an inferier material, but simply
reflects the history and age of the building and Sheuld be ^rCeepted as I is a part of the characteref-a
ho#Apor—
re-sebiFee.
Repair
'A Snm^ Some original architectural details may be deteriorated. Horizontal surfaces and
windowsills are likely to show the most deterioration because they are more exposed to weather.
When disassembly of a historic
feature is required in a restoration
procedure, document its location so
that it may be repositioned
accurately.
When deterioration occurs, repair the ^+nri^' and any ether
Felated pFehl„mc is preferred. Replacing a feature is
inappropriate when it can be repaired ink.
-3-5 Repair deteFieFate d pFirnaFy building mateFial by patching,
piecing -in, consolidating or otherwise reinforcing the material.
• Repair only those features that are deteriorated, and avoid
the r coeval of removing damaged materials that can be
repaired.
• Isolated areas of damage may be stabilized or fixed. €pexies
_a Rd Foci.- maybe repair a-d speGi^I
• Patch, piece -in, splice, consolidate or otherwise upgrade
existing materials using recognized preservation methods.
• Protect features adjacent to the area being worked on.
• Employ treatments such as rust removal, caulking, lowited
paint r al and r plicatien of and paint or stain.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Figure 28.411 Third Ave, Seward
Figure 27. In -kind replacement, as
seen on the roof shingles above, is
an option (Juneau).
Carefully plan repainting and always prepare a good substrate.
Remove damaged or deteriorated paint only to the next
intact layer, using the gentlest means possible, PF09F t9
Use compatible paints. Some latex paints will not
bond well to earlier oil -based paints without a primer coat.
-34 When dosassembl ^f disassembling a historic element +s
wry for 4s-- restoration, use methods that minimize
damage to the original materials. k' Tep sasse "ef a
"„°Ater; eat r�1S FeqUiFed dUFORg Fests.rat+eR Document its
location so it may be repositioned accurately Always deem-
th.,.d_ 4 r r,'@GmRg rdir-,rr^n,hl.,.d .).tads in th�eFF original
configuration.
-34 Use technical procedures for cleaning, repair, and
refinishing @Rd r^ R architectural details that will
maintain the original finish.
• When choosing preservation treatments, use the gentlest
means possible that will achieve the desired results.
• Perform a test patch to determine that the cleaning
method will cause no damage to the FA@ter0@I S;--- rf^P_^
Many procedures can actually have @R Rtieipate d
accelerate4 deterioration or loss of character.
• Harsh cleaning methods, such as sandblasting, can damage
the historic materials, changing their appearance.
If P_11e@RiRg1's@PPFE3pFiate, a I9W ffeSSHFe wate�r;A,;;,;h
,+eh0 s for-4 reviewed @Rd r gatiye effeets - At fA, Ad
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Replace
While restoration of an original f^.,t„rn is the preferred alternative, in- kind replacement is an option
when repair is not feasible. When the original material must be replaced, using the same material as
the original is preferred, but an alternative material may be considered when it conveys
characteristics similar to the original.
4-5 Replace only the amount needed. For example, if a few boards of lap siding are beyond repair,
then only they should be replaced, not the entire wall.
Replacement
apiece
W
Where replacement of an element
is required, remove only those
portions that are deteriorated
beyond repair.
Consider removing later covering
materials that have not achieved
historic significance.
-34 Replacement of missing or deteriorated architectural elements
should be accurate.
The design should be substantiated by physical or pictorial
evidence to avoid creating a misrepresentation of the building's
history.
Use the same kind of material as the original when feasible. A
substitute material may be appropriate if the size, scale, shape,
texture, color and finish (composition) conveys the visual
appearance of the original. For example, if the original material
is wood clapboard, then the replacement material should be
wood as well, matching the original in size, the amount of
exposed lap and 4�finish.
Primary building materials, such as wood siding and concrete,
shall not be replaced with synthetic materials. Art: I disagree;
let the group discuss.
'3. 2 When t9f -;;pr elementdev n I�Q
new design +h-a+ is @ Simplified of i+.
This i5; appitenriatey.;hl,n in -ad-equate there is not enough
information nvi-+5; to _;411e , for an accurate reconstruction, it
is appropriate to develop a new design that is The new
element shall be similar toeempai:able fe-atures in
general size, shape, texture, material and finish.
-3-3 Remove later covering materials that have not achieved
historic significance.
• If original materials are presently covered, consider exposing
them. For example, asphalt siding that covers original wood
siding should be removed.
• Once the non -historic siding is removed, repair the original,
underlying material.
In some cases removing a second finish may cue damage to
the original and may net be desirable. Test the finish to assure
,hat the origi.7al .gnat--i�-.l ,y,,�FlerAeath will not be permanently
damaged.
%
- ::....:.....:_::...moo..... �e._e__.�: i._o....::.o.:...,.._.� 51�11►�ITai1.+R7T_e....:.,_o.::: _•...1T7S1
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Chapter 4
Redlined edits in this chapter furnished by
Commissioner Benoit
March 10, 2022 HP WS
DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR HISTORIC BUILDING MATERIALS
Building materials strongly reflect the character and age of a building. The;,
preservation and maintenance of original building materials on a historic
property is important. The following preservation guidelines apply to
specific materials on historic properties. See NPS Preservation Brief 16: The
Use of Suitable Materials on Historic Building Exteriors, for further
information. r
Wood Siding
• Avoid removing siding that is in good condition or that can be repaired
in place.
• Remove only the siding that is deteriorated beyond repair.
• If portions of the wood siding must be replaced, be sure to match the
style and lap dimensions of the original.
• 4-4 Protect wood features from deterioration.
• Provide proper drainage and ventilation to minimize decay.
• Maintain protective coatings to decrease damage from moisture.
• If the building was painted historically, it shall remain painted, including
all trim.
. 4.3 Repair wood features by patching, piecing -in, consolidating
or otherwise reinforcing the wood.
• Avoid the removal of damaged wood that can be repaired.
�I
Appropriate types of
wood lap siding.
Figure 29. 318 SecondAve, Sewardis a good example of a contributing structure thot
looks close to the original. Modern materials were used to mimic the historic look
while protecting the historic structure.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
�--4.4 Use approved technical procedures to preserve, clean,
or repair historic materials and finishes.
Abrasive methods, such as sandblasting, are inappropriate.
A firm experienced in the cleaning of historic buildings
should be hired to advise on the best, lowest impact
method of cleaning.
=--4.5-Original wood building materials should not be
covered.
• If a property already has a non -historic building material
covering the original, it is in appropriate to add another layer
of new material, which would further obscure the original.
These materials shall be removed where feasible and when
it will not cause damage to the historic material underneath.
Paint
Buildings that were clad with lap siding were usually painted to
protect the wood. Several concrete structures have been
painted as well. When performing regular painting
maintenance, applying traditional color schemes is appropriate.
The following guidelines apply to paint on historic buildings.
. 4-6 Always prepare a good substrate for painting.
• Prior to painting, remove damaged or deteriorated paint
only to the next intact layer, using the gentlest method
possible.
. 4.7 Use compatible paints and only remove underlying
paint layers where necessary.
Some latex paints will not bond well to earlier oil -based
paints without a primer coat.
Note that an early paint layer may be lead -based, in which
case, special procedures are required for its treatment.
Repair wood features by patching
or piecing -in new wood elements
that match the original.
One or two paint colors are
generally used as accents over one
background color which unifies
the typical painting scheme of
historic buildings in Downtown
Seward.
4.9 WsiRg Use the historic color scheme is appFepFiate possible. If the historic
scheme is not known, then an interpretation ^f sehe.mes ^^ from similar historic
buildings or what was available locally during that time period is appropriate.
• A color strategist or other expert may use a spectrometer or lab analysis to identify the original paint
color from a sample and estimate a comparable modern paint color, or help select appropriate colors.
A single color scheme should be use for the entire exterior so upper and lower floors and
subordinate masses of a building are seen as components of a single structure.
Generally, one muted color is used as a background, which unifies the composition. One or two other
colors are usually used feF aeeent,to highlightdetailsa4�4trim and doors.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Concrete and Masonry
Masonry refers to construction using stone, brick, concrete, tile and
similar materials. Several buildings in Dewntewn Seward are constructed
of wood, but have been covered by stucco. This was an early renovation
by Gerhart "Stucco" Johnson and should be preserved. See NPS
Preservation Brief 15: Preservation of Historic Concrete: Problems and
General Approaches, for further information.
4.4 Preserve concrete and masonry features that define the overall historic
character of a building. Examples aye include walls, cornices, pediments,
steps, chimneys and foundations.
• Avoid rebuilding a major portion of an exterior concrete wall that could
be repaired.
4-3 Preserve the original mortarjoint and masonry unit size, the tooling and F'ge32.SetmSewaHo tsZn�h Ave House at
bonding patterns, and the coatings and color of historic masonry. example of a building designed and
• Original mortar and stucco , in good condition, shall be preserved in crafted by Gerhart "Stucco" Johnson.
place or repaired.
4.4 Masonrythat was not painted historically shall not be painted.
Brick masonry naturally has a water -protective layer, or patina, to protect it from the elements.
Painting masonry walls can seal in moisture already in the masonry, not allowing it to breathe
and causing extensive damage over time.
4-.-5 Protect concrete structures from water deterioration.
Provide proper drainage s that water does not stand on flat, horizontal surfaces or accumulate in
decorative features.
Provide positive drainage away from concrete foundations to minimize rising moisture.
4.-6 Clean concrete and masonry with the gentlest methods possible.
Test cleaning procedures in sample patches first.
Low pressure water and detergent cleaning, using bristle brushes, is appropriate.
4 7 Abrasive cleaning methods, such as sand blasting,1•,0" Apt he allowed Is not appropriate and can
damage structures by removing They way Feweve the water -protective outer layer of the material
and +heFela; .,,.,.P'PRAP accelerating deterioration.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Metal accen tfea tures in
Downtown Juneau.
Use approved technical
procedures for cleaning,
refinishing and repairing historic
materials. Harsh cleaning
methods, such as sandblasting,
can damage the historic materials
and change their appearance.
Metals
Metals were used for a variety of applications including columns,
roofing, canopies and decorative features. Historically
developments closer to the waterfront used more metal. Metal
applications shall be maintained where they exist using the
following guidelines apply to metal featur^5; on historic
properties.
4.4 Preserve architectural metal features that contribute to the
overall historic character of the building.
• Provide proper drainage on metal surfaces to minimize water
retention.
• Maintain protective coatings, such as paint, on exposed
metals.
4-3 Repair metal features by patching, splicing or otherwise
reinforcing the original metal whenever possible.
• New metal 4,a4 should be compatible with the original.
4 4 Use the gentlest cleaning method possible when removing
deteriorated paint or rust from metal surfaces.
• Harsh, abrasive cleaning methodsshould be avoided.
Cleaning Materials and Methods
Some cleaning materials can ^'^ Im^"^ "^rFA than geedMany eleaReF sean be harsh and abrasive,
Aften damaging historic buildings materials. `4heR m ntaining hilt Fie buildings, eleaning , ater;^'s
^� ^+"^ �� ,•,";�" ^+ To reduce harm to the original building materials S"^" be „sed The use
the following guidelines apply to eleaning ,. ateF;^'; -;;Ad- methed-5; , ed- „.A ",-s+ Fie
445 Use the gentlest cleaning method possible to achieve the desired result.
Abrasive methods such as sandblasting are inappropriate.
Most traditional cleaning methods can be harmful. A firm experienced in the cleaning of historic
buildings should be hired to advise on the best, lowest impact method of cleaning.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
4-4 Use caution when repairing or removing original building materials.
Many historic finish materials may contain harmful substances such as asbestos and lead. Use
appropriate methods to handle these materials.
---------------
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Chapters
March 10, 2022 HP WS
DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR HISTORIC BUILDING ELEMENTS
Individual building elements, including windows, doors, and cornices,
can strongly affect the character of a building and the preservation and
maintenance of the original elements is important. The following
preservation guidelines applyto specific elements on historic
properties.
Windows
The character -defining features of a historic window and its distinct
materials and placement shall be preserved. In addition, a new window
shall be in character with the historic building. This is especially
important on primary facades and at street level. More flexibility is
appropriate on non -street front walls and rear walls.
5.1 Preserve the functional and decorative features of a historic window.
• Features important to the character of a window include its frame,
sash, muntins, mullions, glazing, sills, heads, jambs, moldings,
operation and groupings of windows. Repair frames and sashes
rather than replacing them, whenever conditions permit.
5.2 Preserve the position, number and arrangement of historic windows
in a building wall.
Enclosing a historic window opening in a key character -defining
facade is inappropriate, as is adding a new window opening. This is
especially important on primary facades where the historic ratio of
solid -to -void is a character -defining feature.
Greater flexibility in installing new windows may be considered on
rear walls.
5.3 Preserve the size and proportion of a historic window opening.
Figure 35. Ballaine House, Third Ave.
Seward, AK. Protect and maintain the
stylistic features and proportions of a
historic window opening.
Figure 36. 423 Third Ave, Seward, AK.
Reducing an original opening to accommodate a smaller window or increasing it to receive a
larger window is inappropriate.
5.4 Preserve the historic ratio of window openings to solid wall on a primary facade.
• Significantly increasing the amount of glass on a character defining facade will negatively affect
the integrity of the structure.
• Some flexibility in window ratio is appropriate for upper levels.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Old Sally's Building, 2019
The appearance of window
components should match those of
the original in dimension, profile and
finish
Match, as closely as possible, the
profile of the sash and its
components to that of the original
window.
5.1 Match a replacement window to the original in its design.
• If the original is double -hung, then the replacement
window shall also be double -hung, or at a minimum,
appear to be so. Match the replacement also in the
number and position of glass panes.
• Matching the original design is particularly important on
key character -defining facades.
5.2 In a replacement window, use materials that appear similar
to the original.
• Using the same material as the original is preferred,
especially on key character -defining facades. However, a
substitute material may be considered on secondary
facades if the appearance of the window components will
match those of the original in dimension, profile and finish.
• Vinyl or aluminum clad windows may be considered on
upper floors only if the original type of material is
unavailable. The replacement must match the original's
dimensions, detail and composition.
5.3 Match, as closely as possible, the profile of the sash and its
components to that of the original window.
• A historic wood window may have a complex profile. Within
the window's casing, the sash steps back to the plane of the
glazing (glass) in several increments. These increments,
which individually only measure in eighths or quarters of
inches, are important details. They distinguish the actual
window from the surrounding plane of the wall.
5.4 Use a storm window to enhance energy conservation rather
than replace a historic window.
• Install a storm window on the interior, when feasible. This
will allow the character of the original window to be seen
from the public way.
• If a storm window is to be installed on the exterior, match
the sash design of the original windows. A metal storm
window may be appropriate if the frame matches the
proportions and profiles of the original window. It shall fit tightly with in the window opening
without the need for sub -frames or panning around the perimeter. Match the color of the storm
window sash with the color of the window frame; do not use an anodized or a milled (a silvery
metallic) finish. Finally, set the sash of the storm window back from the plane of the wall surface
as far as possible.
Energy conservation canal so bead dressed by regular maintenance of historic windows to be sure
heat loss is minimized March 10, 2022 HP WS
Doors
The character -defining features of a historic door and its distinct
materials and placement shall be preserved. In addition, a new door
should be in character with the historic building. This is especially
important on primary facades.
5.1 Preserve the decorative and functional features of a primary entrance
Maintain features important to the character of a historic doorway.
These may include the door, frame, screen door, threshold, glass
panes, paneling, hardware, detailing, transoms and flanking
sidelights.
Avoid changing the position and function of original front doors and
primary entrances.
5.2 Maintain the original proportions of a significant door.
• Altering its size and shape is inappropriate.
5.3 When a historic door is damaged, repair it and maintain its
general historic appearance.
• If it is beyond repair, replacement may be considered.
5.4 When replacing a door, use materials that appear similar to
that of the original.
• If the original was wood, then that is preferred for are placement.
• A metal door, may be used as a replacement if it is similar in
character and finish except on the front fa4ade of the building.
Figure 39. Door at Brown and Hawkins on
Fourth Ave, Seward. This building is on the
National Register of Historic Places.
Figure 40. Door at Brown and
Hawkinson Fourth Ave, Seward. This
building is on the National Register of
Historic Places.
5.5 When replacing a door, use a design that has an appearance similar to the original door, or a
door associated with the style of the building.
• Installing a very ornate door is discouraged, unless photographic evidence can support its use.
5.6 If energy conservation and heat loss are a concern, consider using a storm door instead of
replacing a historic entry door.
Generally, wood storm doors are most appropriate.
A metal storm door may be appropriate if it is simple in design and if the frame is painted so that
raw metal is not visible.
Energy conservation can also be addressed by regular maintenance of historic doors to be sure
heat loss is not occurring.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Figure 41.. Brown and Hawkins, Fourth
Ave, Seward AK. Character -defining
elements of storefronts, including
transoms, should be preserved, and
restored.
Osbo Building, Fourth Avenue
Commercial Storefronts
Many storefronts in Seward have components seen traditionally
on commercial buildings. The repetition of these standard
elements creates a visual unity at the street that shall be
preserved. See NPS Preservation Brief 11: Rehabilitating Historic
Storefronts, for further information.
5.1 A commercial storefront shall not be altered, obscured, or
removed during a rehabilitation project, as storefronts help
maintain street level interest for pedestrians by providingviews to
goods and activities inside first floor windows. The following
commercial storefront character -defining elements shall be
preserved:
• Display windows: The main portion of glass on the store front,
where goods and services are displayed.
• Transom: The upper portion of the display window, separated
by a frame.
• Kick plate: Found beneath the display window. Sometimes
called bulk -head panel.
• Entry: Usually set back from the sidewalk in a protected recess.
• Upper story windows: Windows located above the street level.
These usually have a vertical orientation.
• Cornice molding: A decorative band at the top of the building.
5.2 If a storefront has been altered, restoring it to the original design is preferred.
If evidence of the original design is missing, use a simplified interpretation of similar storefronts.
Historic photographs of Seward and its downtown buildings are available and shall be used when
determining the original character of a storefront design.
If the alteration has acquired historic significance in its own right it shall be maintained rather than
altered further or restored to an earlier period of significance.
5.3 Alternative designs that are interpretations of traditional storefronts may be considered where
the historic facade is missing and no evidence of it exists.
• Where the original is missing and no evidence of its character exists, a new design that uses the
traditional elements may be considered.
• However, the new design shall continue to convey the character of typical storefronts, including
the transparent character of the display window.
• Greater flexibility in treatment of rear facades is appropriate. However, care shall be taken to
preserve storefronts on those buildings which have traditional commercial storefronts on more
than one facade, such as a corner building.
• The kick plate, located below the display window, adds interesting detail to the streetscape and
shall be preserved.
• If the original kick plate is covered with another material, consider exposing the original design.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Preserve the historic character of
a storefront when it is intact.
5.1 If the original kick plate is missing, develop a sympathetic
replacement design.
• Wood is an appropriate material for replacements on most
styles. However, ceramic tile and masonry may also be
considered when appropriately used with the building
style.
5.2 Retain the original shape of the transom glass in historic
storefronts.
• Transoms, the upper glass band of traditional storefronts,
introduce light into the depths of the building. These bands
shall not be removed or enclosed.
• The shape of the transom is important to the proportion of
the storefront, and it should be preserved in its historic
configuration.
• If the original glass is missing, installing new glass is preferred. However, if the transom must be
blocked out, be certain to retain the original proportions.
The transoms on the building above have been covered. Although they
reflect the openings that were once located there, a more appropriate
treatment would be to reopen transoms.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Roofs
While many roofs downtown are flat and hidden, some are sloped, gable forms. Where the roof itself
is a significant feature, these guidelines apply. Many workers also had metal roofs; most of the workers
lived on Second Avenue, as compared to the business owners who generally lived on Third Avenue.
5.1 Preserve the character of a historic roof, including its form and materials, whenever feasible.
• Avoid altering the angle of a historic roof; maintain the perceived line and orientation of the
roof as seen from the street.
• Retain and repair roof detailing.
• Avoid removing historic roofing material that is in good condition.
• Do not cover historic roof materials.
5.2 New or replacement roof materials should convey a scale and texture similar to those used
traditionally.
When replacement is necessary, use materials that are similar to the original in both style as
well as physical qualities and use a color that is similar to that seen historically.
When choosing a roof replacement material the architectural style of the structure should be
considered.
Flat roofs are the most common roof form in Downtown Seward.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
5.1 Preserve the original eave depth of a historic structure.
• The shadows created by traditional overhangs contribute to
one's perception of the building's historic scale and provide
weather protection; therefore, these overhangs should be
preserved. Cutting back roof rafters and soffits or in other
ways altering the traditional roof overhang is inappropriate.
5.2 Avoid using conjectural materials or features on a roof.
• Adding features such as a widow's walk (an ornate railing
around the roof ridge) on buildings where there is no evidence
that one existed creates a false impression of the building's
original appearance, and is inappropriate.
Cornices
The cornice line contributes to the
visual continuity of the street.
Most historic commercial buildings have cornices to cap their facades. Their repetition and general
alignment along a street contribute to the visual continuity on a block and shall be preserved.
5.3 A parapet wall, especially on a primary elevation or highly visible facade, should be preserved.
• When a parapet wall becomes deteriorated, there is sometimes a temptation to lower or remove
it. Avoid doing this because the flashing g for the roof is often tied into the parapet, and disturbing
it can cause moisture problems.
• Inspect parapets on a regular basis. They are exposed to the weather more than other parts of the
building, so watch for deterioration such as missing mortar or excessive moisture retention.
• Avoid waterproofing treatments, which can interfere with the parapet's natural ability to dry out
quickly when it gets wet.
5.4 Reconstruct a missing cornice when historic evidence is available.
Use historic photographs to determine design details of the original cornice.
Replacement elements should match the original in every detail, especially in overall size and
profile. Keep sheet metal ornamentation well painted.
The substitution of another old cornice for the original may be considered, provided that the
substitute is similar to the original.
Cornice details in Downtown Historic Districts
March 10, 2022 HP WS
5.5 A simplified interpretation is also appropriate for a replacement cornice if evidence of the
original is missing.
• Appropriate materials include wood, concrete and stamped metal.
Canopies and Awnings
Canopies are simple in detail, reflecting the character of the buildings to which they are attached.
They are primarilyflat; many of the early canopies were as wide as the sidewalk area.
Fabric awnings are simple, and fit into the building opening which they are covering. Historically
these awnings were often operable (i.e., they can be rolled, raised, or lowered) to accommodate
changing weather patterns. Rigid fabric awnings may be considered on an historic building on a case -
by -case basis by the City of Seward.
5.1 Preserve existing canopies.
• Do not permanently remove canopies on historic structures
5.2 If a canopy has been altered, consider restoring it to the original design.
• Restore the historic canopy if it has been altered.
• If an awning or canopy existed and is now missing, it should be reconstructed.
5.3 An alternative design that is an interpretation of a traditional canopy is appropriate.
• Where the original canopy is missing and no evidence of its character exists, a new design that
uses the traditional elements may be considered.
• Canopies should convey the character of typical canopies of the buildingtype.
• Canopies should not obscure character -defining features or damage the historic fabric of the
building.
Figure 48. Brown and Hawkins,
Fourth Ave, Seward AK. Canopies
provide shelter over side- walks
and prove very valuable in in-
clement weather.
Canopies step with the street level.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
5.4 Awnings are only appropriate on certain building types and styles.
• Historical evidence of the previous awning on the building must be provided in order to gain
approval for locating an awning.
• Awnings should be of rigid frame construction. Operable awnings are inappropriate.
• The scale of awnings should be in proportion to the building, and not dominate the facade
• The materials should be canvas or a synthetic canvas.
• Material must be durable and able to withstand the extreme climate.
• Awnings should have a matte finish. Glossy finishes are inappropriate.
• Awnings cannot be lit internally.
Balconies
Balconies are not common building elements, however there are a few cases where the use of such
elements has occurred.
5.1 A balcony may be considered on an existing structure where:
• There is sufficient evidence showing that such an element once existed as an important character
defining feature of the structure; or
• It will not directly be directly visible from the public right-of-way, such as on the rear of a building.
• Balconies are inappropriate where they will negatively impact the historic integrity of an existing
structure.
5.2 A balcony should be compatible with a building's period of significance.
• Materials used for balconies should be appropriate to the period of significance and style of the
building.
Rooftop Uses
Rooftop uses such as patios, decks and outdoor dining may be provided as amenity spaces, however
their use should not detract from the integrity of the structure or impact the quality or appearance
of the streetscape.
5.3 Minimize the impact of roof top uses on the integrity of an
existing structure.
• Rooftop activity areas are inappropriate where they will
negatively impact the historic character of an existing
structure.
March 10 2022 H P WS Rooftop use areas should not be
visible from the sidewalk below.
5.4 Minimize the visual impact of rooftop uses as seen from the street.
Setback a rooftop activity such that it is not visible from the sidewalk below.
Railing, umbrellas, tables, and other patio furniture should be setback.
The rooftop use on the left side of the building includes an appropriately set
back patio space. The rooftop use on the right includes a railing which is
inappropriate and should be set back from the building facade.
Mechanical Equipment and Service Utilities
Equipment located on the exterior of a historic building can detract from the integrityof the
resource. Equipment should be located where it is not visible, or only minimally so, to avoid negative
impacts. The following guidelines apply to mechanical equipment and service utilities on historic
buildings.
5.1 Minimize the visual impacts of satellite dishes and other rooftop devices.
Features such as satellite dishes or other roof top devices should be installed in a manner such
that they will not interrupt the original cornice or ridge line.
Flat skylights that are flush with the roof plane may be considered on the rear and sides of the
roof. Locating a skylight or other device on a front roof plane should be avoided.
5.2 Locate and install standpipes and other service equipment such that they will not damage
historic facade materials.
Do not cut channels into historic facade materials as
it may damage historic building fabric.
5.3 Minimize noise impacts of mechanical equipment
and service utilities.
When feasible, locate equipment away from
adjacent residential properties and/or buffer it.
Additional noise attenuation measures should be
taken if the equipment noise exceeds national
It is inappropriate for features such as air
standards. March 10, 2022 HP W&itioningunitsandotherexteriorequipment
to be visible from the street.
Chapter 6
Redlined edits in this Chapter furnished by
Vice Chair Ward
March 10, 2022 HP WS
DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR HISTORIC ALTERATIONS AND ADDITIONS
Historic Additions
Some early additions may have taken on historic significance of their own. One constructed in a
manner that was compatible with the original building ^ad- that ;5; e-emated- ;.yith the ^^r;^� ^f
signifieanee may meFit prese.rvatien on its ewn Fig4. In contrast, more recent additions that detract
from the character of the building may be considered for removal.
6.1 Preserve an addition that has achieved historic significance in its own right.
Such an addition is usually similar in character to the original buildingin terms of materials,
finishes and design.
Adaptive Re -Use
Converting a building to a new use that is different from that which its design reflects is considered
to be "adaptive re -use." For example, converting a residential building to an office is adaptive re -use.
A good adaptive re -use project retains the historic character of the building while accommodating
its new function.
6.2 Seek uses that are compatible with the historic character of the building.
Building uses that are closely related to the original use are preferred. An example vie- ld- be the
eenveFsmen of a Fesidential type buildingan e#+Ee. This can be accomplished without radical
alterations to either the interior or exterior of the structure.
See NPS Preservation Brief 14: New Exterior Additions to Historic Buildings: Preservation Concerns,
for further information
New Additions to Historic Properties
A primary concern for an addition is to keep it in character with the existing building and to not
significantly impact historic integrity.
6.1 An addition shall be compatible in scale, materials and character with the main building.
• An addition shall relate to the building in mass, scale and form. It shall be designed to remain
subordinate to the main structure.
• An addition to the front of a building is inappropriate.
6.2 An addition shall not damage or obscure architecturally important features.
• For example, the loss or alteration of a cornice line shall be avoided.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
An original two-story building,
before an addition. Compare with
sketches below.
New addition above.
New addition to the rear.
6.3 An addition may be made to the roof of a building if it does
the following:
• An addition shall be set back from the primary, character -
defining facade, to preserve the perception of the historic
scale of the building.
• Its design shall be modest in character, so it will not attract
attention from the historic facade.
• The addition shall be subtly distinguishable as new.
6.4 In limited circumstances, an addition may be made to the
roof of a building and not be set back from character -defining
facades, if the following criteria are met. For example, an
addition shall be distinguished from the existing building. A
change in material or a decorative band may accomplish this:
An addition shall maintain the alignment of storefront
elements, moldings, cornices and upper -story windows
that exist on the main part of the building.
The addition shall be compatible in scale, texture and
materials with the original
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Chapter ?
March 10, 2022 HP WS
DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR NEW CONSTRUCTION
The historic integrity of Seward's Downtown is nationally recognized and important to maintain.
New buildings in the district must both respect the existing historic character of the district, while
not creating a false sense of history in new structures that would damage the integrity of the district
as a whole. Downtown Seward is not known for one specific historic period of significance, but
rather developed over several periods of significance. As such, Seward has several different types of
architectural styles, reflecting the times in which major phases of development took place.
While no one style dominates, the majority of the buildings maintain similar qualities that serve to
unify the visual quality of the district. New buildings shall follow the historic patterns of
development in Seward by both reflecting the unifying visual qualities and character -defining
features of the district, and by reflecting the time in which they are built. The following guidelines
apply to new buildings and to alterations of non-contributing buildings in the historic district.
New construction shall respect the character -defining features of the
historic district and reflect the time in which they are built. This new building
uses traditional components, including storefronts, canopies and transoms.
While they appearsimilar to historic ones, these are in fact contemporary
interpretations, which is appropriate.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Placement and Orientation
With the exception of small gaps in the building wall that occur for pedestrian or vehicular alleyways,
most structures in the historic district are built to the full width of the parcel and to the front lot line.
The resulting "street wall' pattern shall be maintained in new development.
7.1 Maintain the alignment of buildings at the sidewalk edge.
Locate the front street wall at the sidewalk line when feasible.
If the building has a modern interpretation of a storefront, it shall maintain the feel of the
street wall through use of architectural elements and features at the street edge.
7.2 Street facades shall span lot widths.
Spaces between buildings shall be kept to a minimum to maintain the street wall and sense of
enclosure at the sidewalk.
Exceptions are for access ways to side or rear entrances.
7.3 Lots that have multiple street fronts shall be built to address each street facade.
• Buildings on corner lots shall be built to the sidewalk on both streets to the extent possible
without interfering with public safety.
• Buildings on lots which face multiple streets shall be double fronted and built to the sidewalk at
both street fronts.
• Storefronts are appropriate along all street level facades of the buildings.
7.4 Buildings on angular lots shall be built to lot lines.
• The angular street pattern and the resulting non -rectilinear building forms are characteristics of
Downtown Seward and new buildings may continue this pattern.
Align the building front at the sidewalk edge. BuildingA is an inappropriate example
of building placement along the sidewalk edge, since it does not align with the other
buildings Mr �"k.f j1dir2or ,Z "p r" example.
Figure 53 Align the building front at the sidewalk edge. Osbo building and Sauerdough Lodging, Fourth Ave, Seward AK
2020.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Mass, Scale, and Height
Patterns of building occur along the street by the repetition of
similarly -sized building elements. For example, uniform facade
widths, evenly spaced along Front Street, create a rhythm that
contributes to the visual continuity of the district. At a smaller
size, the repetition of upper -story windows across most building
fronts also creates a unifying effect. These features and similar
patterns are some of the most important characteristics of the
district and shall be respected in all new construction.
7.1 Traditional spacing patterns created by the repetition of
uniform buildings widths along streets shall be maintained.
In most cases, a facade shall not exceed established widths
without a clear expression of the historic pattern.
Where a building must exceed this width, use a change in
design features to suggest the traditional building widths.
Changes in facade material, window design, facade height
or decorative details are examples of techniques that may
be considered. These variations shall be expressed through
the structure such that the composition appears to be a
collection of smaller masses.
7.2 A new building shall incorporate a base, middle, and a cap.
Traditionally, buildings were composed of these three basic
elements. Interpreting this tradition in new buildings will
help reinforce the visual continuity of the area.
This also applies to existing, non-contributing structures.
7.3 A new building shall maintain the alignment of horizontal
elements along the block.
Align the height of window sills, moldings and mid belt
cornices with adjacent and nearby buildings.
Where sloped streets occur, a building facade shall step
along the street.
Example of new construction
which would relate to existing
historic structures by maintaining
the alignment of horizontal
features, producing a similarfloor
to floor height, dividing a larger
facade into smaller modules and
maintaining the visual scale of
buildings. (Aspen, CO).
Figure 55 Design lower building
levels to express the alignment of
elements seen traditionally.
Russian Shop, Fourth Ave, Seward
Ak 2020
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Anew building shall maintain the general alignment of horizontal elements along the
block. Windowsills, moldings and mid belt cornices are among those elements that may
be seen to align. Note the alignment of building elements varies by one to two feet on
the sloping portions of Franklin Street. Storefronts and canopies generally align in more
level portions of the district.
7.1 Floor -to -floor heights shall appear to be similar to those seen historically.
First floor heights shall be equal to those of the surrounding buildings. Note that first floor
heights are taller than upper floors.
Design windows in new construction to appear similar in height, location and scale to those
seen historically.
7.2 Maintain the visual building scale of two to four stories in height.
Develop a primary facade that is in scale and alignment with surrounding historic buildings.
Design the lower levels to express the alignment of elements seen traditionally in the block;
where additional height is allowed, it shall be set back to maintain the visual appearance of
scale from the street level.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
The storefronts shown are appropriate infill examples that could occur within the district. They are
described below:
Wood Frame Case Study
The facade is wood frame construction with
a metal storefront structural system. The
second story of the facade is wood lap
siding with a profile that matches a historic
wood lap siding. The kick plate is a series of
smooth colored concrete panels to
complement the buildings colorscheme.
The upper story windows are double hung
(wood) with wood trim The doors are solid
core wood with glass panels. A horizontal
canopy is supported by cables. Shadow
lines denote the depth of detail within the
facade design.
Figure 56. Develop a primary facade that is in scale and alignment with
surrounding historic buildings
Concrete Case Study
The first floor is cast concrete with a
metal storefront structural system. The
upper story is wood frame with an applied
stucco finish. The base of the building is a
darker colored concrete to complement the
building's colorscheme The building
trim components, including the
window headers, cornice and belt course,
are wood. The upper story windows are
double hung (wood). The doors are solid
core wood with glass panels. A horizontal
canopy is supported by cables. Shadow
lines denote the depth of detail within the
facade design.
Figure 57. Design the lower levels to express the alignment of
elements seen traditionally in the block; where additional height
is allowed, it shall be set back to maintain the visual appearance
of scale from the street level.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Building Materials
Wood frame and concrete were the primary construction methods used in the historic district. These
methods should continue in new construction. More modern materials may also be considered when
they are compatible with those used historically.
7.1 New materials shall convey a sense of scale similar to that seen in historic materials.
• Appropriately scaled materials contribute to a visually interesting building facade.
• Large uninterrupted expanses of featureless materials are inappropriate.
• Metal framing can often be similar to that of wood frame methods and portray a similar scale
while also reflecting modern construction methods.
• Lap siding shall be similar in depth and profile to historic materials.
7.2 Building materials shall have similar characteristics as materials used historically.
• Unfinished or reflective materials shall not be used.
• Polished stone and mirrored glass shall be avoided as primary materials.
• Synthetic materials are discouraged, but are most appropriate in upper floors where they are less
accessible.
• Material color schemes should reflect historic patterns of one muted background color, with one
or two other colors used as accents.
7.3 All materials used shall be durable and appropriate for the climate.
• Any new, alternative material should have a demonstrated durability in the Seward context and
shall be approved by the Community Development and/or Building Department.
Although this new infill building
meets basic regulations regarding
height and orientation it does not
reflect the character and building
materialsfound in the district.
Display windows should be
continuous and have kick plates.
The second story projection is out
of scale and there is no belt
course. See sketches on previous
page for appropriate storefront
examples.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
This is a good example of an infill
building, although the storefront
could be refined to further reflect the
architectural characterof the
district. The display windows could
be increased and the kick plate could
be reduced. Greaterprofile could be
attained in the finish materials.
Architectural Character
While it is important that new buildings and alterations become
compatible with the historic context, they shall not imitate older
building styles because this confuses the authenticity of the
district. Visual compatibility results when the design variables in a
new building are arranged to be similar to historic patterns in the
area yet in ways that convey their own time.
7.1 New interpretations of traditional building styles are
appropriate. Infill construction shall:
Be a balance of new and old design.
Draw upon the fundamental similarities among older
buildings in the area without copying them. This will allow it
to reflect its own time and yet be compatible with its historic
neighbors.
Avoid literal imitation of older historic styles.
7.2 A new building shall be compatible with architectural and scale- giving elements traditionally
found in the district.
• Similar architectural massing as well as window and door patterns are examples of scale giving
elements.
7.3 Modern interpretations of architectural features historically used are appropriate in new
construction.
• New construction shall include architectural features used historically in the district such as store
fronts and canopies at the street level, but these shall not be direct copies of those seen
historically.
Figure 60. Orlon der Building, Fourth Ave,
Seward AK 2020
New construction shall include architectural
features used historically in the district such as
storefronts and canopies at the street level, but
these shall not be direct copies of those seen
historically. Although this building complements
the historic fabric, several steps could have been
made to make it a better fit. This includes adding
a kick plate and providing additional depth to the
profile of the storefront, upper story windows,
belt course and cornice.
P WS
Fagade Elements - Storefronts
Storefronts are important character defining features of the
historic district, and shall be included on new buildings in the
historic district.
7.1 The scale and proportions of a new storefront shall be similar
to those seen historically.
First floors shall be taller than upper floors.
7.2 Window patterns in storefronts shall be similar to those seen
historically.
• The area of transparent material shall be roughly equal to
what is seen historically.
A contemporary interpretation of
7.3 Alternative designs that are contemporary interpretations of a storefront including kick plate
traditional storefronts may be considered. and canopy, which is appropriate.
Modern designs that use traditional elements are appropriate.
The new design shall continue to convey the character of typical storefronts, including the
transparent character of the display window.
Figure 62. Brown and Hawkins, Fourth Ave, SewardAK 2020. The scale and proportion of
storefront elements shall be similar to those seen historically.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Canopies
Canopies are noteworthy features of the historic district and have a strong history of use. Their
inclusion in the design of new construction is required by the land use code.
7.1 Building canopies are required.
Canopies help unifythe streetscape as well as provide refuge from inclement weather.
7.2 Mount canopies to accentuate character -defining features and window openings.
• Canopies shall be mounted to highlight moldings that may be found above the storefront or
within the storefront.
• The scale of canopies and their support systems shall be in proportion to the building, and not
dominate the facade.
7.3 Use colors and materials that are compatible with the overall design of the building.
• Canopy materials shall reflect the style and character of the building.
• Use colors that are compatible with the overall color scheme of the facade. Solid colors or
simple, muted stripe patterns are appropriate.
7.4 Canopies shall step down to maintain a consistent height over the sidewalk.
• Canopies shall not be angled across the building facade.
• Some slope is appropriate to allow for run-off of precipitation.
• Articulation in awnings and canopies is appropriate to designate the main building entry.
7.5 Projecting horizontal canopies are most appropriate.
• The canopy shall fit the opening of the building.
• Odd shapes, bull nose awnings and bubble awnings are inappropriate on most structures.
• Internal illumination is inappropriate.
• Simple shed shapes may be considered in some cases.
A clearly defined entry is
commonly covered by canopy.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Balconies
Balconies maybe provided as amenities where their use will not impact the integrity of the district.
7.1 Balconies may be considered on new structures where:
They will not be directlyvisible from the public right-of-way, such as on the rear of a
building.
They will be supported bythe building.
Balconies are inappropriate where they will negatively impact the historic integrity of the
district.
Rooftop Uses
Rooftop uses such as patios, decks and outdoor dining may be provided as amenity spaces, however
their location should not impact the qualityor appearance of the streetscape.
7.2 Minimize the visual impact of rooftop uses as seen from the street.
Setback rooftop activity areas such that they are not visible from the sidewalk below.
Railings, umbrellas, tables and other patio furniture should not be visible from the street.
Setback
Sidewalk Street Building
Rooftop use areas should not be visible from the sidewalk below.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Figure 64. Brown and Hawkins, Fourth Ave, SewardAK 2020.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Typically, upper -story windows
are twice as tall as they are wide.
This tradition shall be continued.
This may be expressed in a variety
of ways. See the examples below.
Windows
A pattern exists along the streets with the repetition of evenly
spaced, similarly sized, upper story windows. These windows are
often double hung, and help to give buildings a sense of human
scale. Using window sizes and proportions that are familiar to the
pedestrian helps them to relate to the overall size of a building.
The alignment and similar scale of windows reflect a common
historic pattern that shall be continued in new development.
7.1 Upper story windows with a vertical emphasis are required.
A typical upper -story window is approximately twice as tall as it is
wide. Upper -story windows in new construction shall relate to
the window proportions seen historically.
A ganged double -hung window configuration is appropriate.
7.2 Windows shall align with others in a block.
• Windows, lintels and their trim elements shall align with traditional buildings on the block.
7.3 Materials used in and around windows shall be similar in scale and proportion to those used
historically.
Tinted or reflective glass is inappropriate.
The use of wood windows is appropriate. The depth of the profile should be very similar to those
seen historically.
Upper story windows with vertical
emphasis are required.
Traditionally, windows have a
sense of depth as seen here.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
l
Although this new infill building is appropriatelyscaled with buildings in the
district the window orientation, proportion, and alignment are inappropriate. The
upperstory windows are aligned higher then traditionally seen and the projecting
central bay window and cornice are out of character. The display windows should be
larger and be accompanied by kick plates. Juneau
Entries
The repetition of recessed building entries occurring along the street in the historic district provides a
rhythm of shadows along the street, which helps establish a sense of scale and invites pedestrians to
enter buildings. This trend shall be continued in new construction.
7.1 A building entrance shall appear similar to those used historically.
• Clearly define the primary entrance.
• Recess the building entrance.
• Choose a design similar in scale and overall characterto those seen historicallyfor a
contemporary interpretation of a traditional building entry.
• Place the primary building entrance at or near street level. A sunken terrace entrance is
inappropriate as the primary access from the street.
• Design entries to have a high degree of transparency.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
W
Figure 69.Orlander Building, Fourth Ave, Seward AK 2020
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Chapter 8
Redlined edits in this chapter furnished by
Commissioner LeMaster
March 10, 2022 HP WS
DESIGNIGU FOR SITE DESIGN AND T#€ PUBLIC STREETSCAPE
Seward has an active downtown where pedestrians share streets with buses, automobiles and
bicycles. This mix of traffic can provide a sop -so ^f +o.,,or+ and enhance the pedestrian
experience if a4 the elements are kept in balance. A unified streetscape design fe.r the histe e
di-4-Fir-A, will help maintain a sense of visual continuity while expressing the unique qualities of the
Downtown Historic District.
The following guidelines are applicable to new development and changes to existing non-
contributing buildings in Delh,A+^l•,A selh,ard the district.
Seward's active downtown street scene.
Cut -and -Fill
Site development may require cutting into relatively steep slopes along with substantial excavations
for foundations. While basis eAgiAeeFiAg technical concerns are major issues in these cases, the
visual impacts of these cuts can be significant. Tothe greatest extent possible, cut#Pg-and-fill+Rgof
sloping areas shall be avoided but, where it must occur, the visual impacts 4,A should be
minimized.
9.4 Minimize cut -and -fill excavation that would alter the perceived natural topography.
Use earth berm for retaining walls to minimize visual impacts of cuts. Hedges and fences may
also be appropriate in some locations.
Simple rock walls may be considered. Exposed gabions, large, continuous surfaces of smooth
raw concrete and similar structures shall be avoided.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Site Retaining Walls
Simple retaining walls are used in some areas where steep slopes occur.
4.4 New retaining walls should use natural materials.
4.4 Minimize the perceived scale and mass of a new retaining wall.
A wall that is less than four feet is appropriate and encouraged.
Consider varying the setback of individual walls to minimize the perceived overall width of a
long wall.
Consider varying masonry patterns to provide variety in large walls where applicable.
Architectural block. With special texturing or color, may be considered where the result will appear
to be in character with the area.
Use earth berms, rock forms or stone
retaining walls to minimize visual impacts of
hillside cuts. Use a series of terraces with
short walls to maintain the traditional sense
of a hillside where feasible.
Building and Site Lighting
The primary function of lighting is for safety and security. Lighting is also used to accent building
character, and far advertising and sales promotion. The primary goal for lighting in Seward is th;#
to
maintain a safe environment while not being detrimental to the adjacent surroundings. Lighting the
sidewalk sufficiently is a goal within the district. T" dees Pet imply high I^„^''; Af oil, ,,., inatienj
Minimum illumination levels are more appropriate forvarie, most nighttime functions.
Traditionally, the character and level of lighting that is used on a building
TFad+t+ena11 ieF I+ghts we Fe s 0 rn p!e ; n chaFaeteF and were bised to high44+t simply for
highlighting signs, entrances and first floor details. Most fixtures had incandescent lamps that cast a
color similar to daylight, were Felatively of low 4� intensity and weFe shielded with a simple shade
de-+Ees. Although new lamp types may be considered, the overall effect of modest, focused building
light shall be continued.
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Exterior lights should be simple in
character and used to highlight
signs, entrances, sidewalk and
first floor details.
A sconce above the sign is an
appropriate example of an
exterior lighting fixture.
9.4 Exterior lighting shall accent; and not dominate; a building facade.
• Primary building entrancesshould be the main source of illumination.
• Secondary accents may illuminate secondary entrances, architectural details and signs.
The ^f Strobe lighting is inappropriate.
Seasonal string lighting is appropriate.
Secondary accents that may illuminate other areas of public access, ^^dfuA�+;^^^'
such as side or rear entrances, steps and walkways d along the side of the building,
be to
m
Te Use of recessed down lighting in canopies is appropriate.
9.4 Minimize the visual impacts of site and architectural lighting.
• Use exterior lights sebiFees with a low level of luminescence.
• Use white lights that cast a similar color to daylight.
• Do not wash an entire buildingfacade in light.
• Use lighting fixtures that are eewpatible with and complimentary to the building and its
surroundings in terms of style, and scale and intensity ^f illu ,,;^^+;^^
• Blinking, flashing lights and exposed strip lighting used to illuminate building facades or to
outline buildings are inappropriate.
• Interior lights to illuminate signs or canopies are inappropriate.
Prevent glare onto adjacent properties by using
shielded and focused lightsources that direct light
onto the ground. The use of downlights, with the bulb
fully enclosed within the shade, orstep lights which
direct light only to walkways, is strongly encouraged.
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4.4 Use shielded and focused light sources to prevent glare.
• Provide shielded and focused lights sebiFees that direct light downward.
• Do not use high intensity lights sebiFeese-F that cast light directly upward.
• Shield lighting associated with service areas, parking lots and parking structures
Minimize impacts from service and parking area lighting.
• Security and service are a lighting shall be d- i-s,-rimiRatingly
i+ili�orJ to 01111rv.inate the fer SuryeillaprCe as Fequirorl
i
„et it shall be pFeyepte d from i^reating not create a hot
spot of light calling attention to it from the surrounding
areas.
• Keep parking area lighting at a human scale.
--A4 parking light fixtures should be similar in design
and spaced throughout the parking area to -avoid
84 Street lighting fixtures &4a4 should be consistent
throughout the historic district.
Extensive canopy, awning, and
porch lighting is inappropriate.
(Lahaina, HI).
83 Extensive canopy, awning and porch lighting is inappropriate.
Lighting on the underside of a canopy is appropriate when it does not dominate the streetscape.
Attach light fixtures to the building facade rather the underside of a canopy or awning.
Mechanical Equipment and Service Utilities
Utility service boxes, external fire connections, telecommunication devices, cables, conduits, trash
and recycling storage, satellite dishes and fans may affect the character of an area. These devices
should be screened from public view to avoid negative effects on historic resources.
84 Minimize the visual and noise impacts of mechanical equipment on the public way and
surrounding neighborhood.
• Screen equipment from view.
• Do not locate window equipment on a primary facade.
• Use low -profile or recessed mechanical units on roof tops.
• Locate satellite dishes out of public view.
• When feasible, locate equipment away from adjacent residential properties and/or buffer it.
• Additional noise attenuation measures should be taken if the equipment noise exceeds national
standards.
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4-5 Minimize the visual impacts of utility connections and
service boxes.
• Locate utility connections and service boxes on secondary
walls when feasible.
• Minimize the visual impacts of trash storage and service
areas. Locate service areas away from major pedestrian
routes;locate them at the rear of a building, off an alley, when
possible.
• Screen dumpsters from view.
Street Furnishings
Mechanical equipment, such as
satellite dishes, can detract from
historic character when visible
from public rights -of -way.
Several areas of Downtown Seward already have amenities in place that enhance the pedestrian
experience. New furnishings should continue to enhance the area while working with existing
features. Where feasible, benches, planters, lighting, mail boxes, newspaper racks and trash
Vies bins should be located in a "furnishings zone" whieh to maintain�a eleaFly define
c-le;;rpedestrian travel lane.
84 A-4 Street furniture in the public right-of-way shall have similar materials and finishes
• Draw upon local character and materials for street furniture design.
• 9.4 Street furnishings shall be simple in character.
• Avoid highly ornate designs which could misrepresent the history of the area.
Figure 79. Street furnishing shall be simple in character, such as
these benches.
Figure 78. Street furnishings such as these
decorative light fixtures can add to the
character of the streetscape.
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Streetfurnishings such as these
decorative light fixtures can add
to the character of the
streetscape.
Art: I would delete this page.
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Decorative paving can help to define key
intersections and aid in way finding.
Sidewalks
Early photographs of Downtown Seward show simple
weedelq sidewalks which provide a visual unity to the
area. This tradition `hall he ,r+ir iorJ ought to
continue. n aPd- Safe -pedestrian travel lape shall
be Lori+ clear of all rvmerrhandi-se
84 Sidewalk design &4A should reflect the character of its
historic context.
Sidewalk designs should be modest in
character and cirdo,e,aILc Shall be attached to
the curb.
• Sidewalk paving should be broom -finished, grey concrete is pFefeFFed fee the pFed mir apt
• The finish texture should comply with current accessibility requirements.
9-3 Decorative and accent paving is appropriate for key crosswalks.
• Decorative paving at key intersections, crosswalks, public plazas and courtyards can help
unifythe streetscape and aid in way finding throughoutthe district.
• While decorative paving is appropriate for accents A the geal feF the
re e- main sidewalk treatmentr, in the district should be of a cohesive systew
design.
8.4 Merchandise displayed on the sidewalk 64A should be kept clear of the public right-of-way.
Clerk's note: This activity is disallowed by city code
Merchandise such as hanging racks and display tables that occur outside of the building are not
in character with the district, and shall be set back three feet from the storefront entrance.
Early photograp0 fa rCtn�ntoyvnl jey�a��/7 W sj�� den sidewalks.
Chapter 9
March 10, 2022 HP WS
DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR PARKING FACILITIES
Utilizing alternative modes of transportation is encouraged in Downtown Seward; however, parking
is still necessary. When accommodating parking in the downtown the primary goal is to minimize
visual impacts.
Surface Parking
9.1 Surface parking should be located in the interior of a block
whenever possible.
• Do not place surface lots on corner properties as they are
generally more visible than interior lots and provide a sense
of enclosure for intersections. Parking garages are
inappropriate for historic properties.
• Site a surface lot to minimize gaps in the street wall.
• Place the parking to the rear of a building to preserve the
architectural continuity of the street.
• Off street parking plan must be provided by all businesses
and offices on new and infill construction. Not true for
Seward
9.2 Provide a visual buffer where surface lots abut sidewalks.
Consider the use of a compatible wall as a screen near the
edge of the lot.
Use a combination of trees and shrubs to create a landscape buffer.
Parking lot providing landscaped
visual buffer where it abuts a public
sidewalk. (Ann Arbor, MI)
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Chapter 10
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DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR SIGNS
A sign typically serves two functions: to attract attention and to convey information. All signs shall
be consistent with the building's period of significance. All new signs shall be developed with the
overall context of the building and of the area in mind. Signs shall be constructed in a manner that
does not damage the historic fabric of the building.
Figure 83. The only sign appearing above
the canopy or first floor level of a building
should relate to the name of the building
or principal use within the building.
Appropriate Sign Types
Sign types vary widely in the Downtown Historic District.
The important principle is that signs do not overwhelm
the architecture of the building. The placement,
location and type of a sign are perhaps the most critical
factors in maintaining the order and integrity of the
district. Consistent placement of signs according to
building type, size, location and even building materials
creates a sense of visual continuity. The use of roof- top
signs of any kind are prohibited. The following sign types
are acceptable in the Downtown Historic District.
SCC has sign guidelines; permits are required
10.1 Canopy Signs: A canopy sign is a sign attached or applied to the horizontal face of a canopy.
Canopy signs shall not extend below the bottom of the horizontal face or more than one foot above
the horizontal face of the canopy. A sign located on a canopyface may be appropriate:
In areas with high pedestrian use.
When other signs would obscure architectural details of the structure.
10.2 Under Canopy Hanging Signs: An under canopy hanging sign is a sign that hangs from the
underside of a canopy or building projection, and does not employ ground support in any matter.
A canopysign should not extend below the
bottom of the horizontal face, or more than
one foot above the horizontal face.
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One under canopy hanging sign is allowed per tenant per street facade. A sign of this type shall be
designed and located in a similar fashion to other under canopy hanging signs on the same building
and shall:
Incorporate sign brackets as a decorative or complementary element of the sign and building
detail.
Be located near the business entrance, just above the door or to the side of it.
All pertinent regulations should be reviewed when
planning to use an under canopy hanging on a canopy
that overhangs a public right-of-way patterns to provide
variety in large walls where applicable.
10.1 Facade Mounted Signs.
A facade mounted sign is a sign that is attached to the wall or
surface of a building, which is parallel to the supporting
surface. When designing and locating a sign of this type:
Place the sign relativelyflush with the building facade Figure84. Under canopy hanging signs.
and align it with others signs on the building.
• Place the sign within, rather than forward of, the fascia or other architectural details of the
building. Decorative moldings and architectural details of the building should be used to define a
sign, by locating the sign within a panel formed by moldings or transom panels.
• Place the sign in a manner that does not obstruct character defining features of the building.
An under canopy hanging sign is
encouraged. These signs shall not
extend more than 5' from the
facade front, nor shall they be less
than 7' from above the finished
sidewalk. SCC citation?
10.1 Window or Door Signs.
A window or door sign is a sign that is painted on, adhered to
and/or displayed through a window or door with the intent to
be viewed from the outside. When using this type of signage
the following criteria shall apply:
Window or door signs may occupy 10% of the storefront
glass and are only allowed on the first floor of a building.
All window and door signage in excess of the allowable
10% of the store front glass shall be counted against the
overall allowed sign area for that side of the building.
10.1 Historic Building Names.
A historic building name or sign that is a significant part of the
historic building, may contribute to the historic significance of
the building and as such shall be preserved and not removed.
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Sign Composition
The composition of a sign in contrast to a building's architectural detail and design are important to
preserving the significance or integrity of a historic building. When designing and installing a sign the
following shall apply:
10.1 Signs shall be subordinate to the overall building composition.
• Scale signs to fit with the facade of the building.
• Locate a sign to emphasize design elements of the facade itself.
• Mount signage to fit within existing architectural features using the shape of the sign to help
reinforce the horizontal lines of moldings and transoms seen on the building.
• Calculate the sign area by using simple geometric shapes that define the sign.
• Though not widely done historically, the use of symbols to portray a word, name, or idea may be
considered.
• Rooftop signs are inappropriate; this includes stand-alone or painted on signs.
An irregularly shaped sign area
is calculated by a simple
geometrical shape juxtaposed
on the object.
10.2 A corporate logo or color scheme may be incorporated into
signage as long as signs of this nature do not alter or destroy existing
architectural features or details.
The Community Development Department Director shall
determine the portion of the building that will be recognized as
part of a corporate design, and therefore a sign.
The total window and doorsign area should not exceed
10% of the total storefront glass (grayed area). The
maximum window and doorsign area is shown in this
example.
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Sign Character
When designing a sign that will be erected in the historic district consideration shall be given to the
proposed materials, colors and details of the sign and the building on which the sign is to be installed.
. See NPS Preservation Brief 25: The Preservation of Historic Signs, for further information
10.1 Signs shall be designed in a manner that doesn't damage the historic fabric of the building.
• Any sign that visually overpowers the building or obscures significant views or architectural
features is inappropriate.
10.2 A simple sign design is preferred.
• Typefaces that are in keeping with those seen in historic photos or that are traditionally used are
encouraged. Modern typefaces are inappropriate.
• Avoid hard -to -read or overly intricate typeface styles.
• Consider letter and painted signs on blank walls as they were used historically.
Figure 88. A sign shall be clearly legible.
Sign Materials
A sign's material shall reflect the style of the building to which it is attached and its period of
significance .
10.3 Use signage materials that are compatible with the building facade.
• Signs shall be wood, sign -grade foam, or metal.
• Other materials may be used as long as the material is durable and does not have a plastic
appearance.
• Signs shall be painted and shall have a matte surface finish. The use of vinyl covers or stickers
are inappropriate, except in the instance of window and door signs.
• Highly reflective materials shall not be used.
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Sign Lighting
The sign illumination source shall be shielded to minimize glare. Light intensity shall not overpower
the building or street edge. Small and discreet modern light fittings may provide an unobtrusive
alternative to traditionally styled lamp units.
10.4 Use indirect lighting on signage.
• Direct the lighting at signage from an external, shielded lamp.
• Warm lighting, similar to daylight, is appropriate.
• Strobe lighting is inappropriate.
• Internal illumination is inappropriate.
• Halo illumination is inappropriate
Sign Installation
The installation of a sign is an integral aspect in the retention of key architectural features and in
minimizing damage to the building.
10.1 Avoid damaging or obscuring architectural details or features when installing signs.
• Minimize the number of anchor points when feasible.
• Install sins in a manner that does not create a public safety
hazard.
Sign Color
The use of color in sign design shall be assessed in the context of
the building, as well as the area, scale and form of the sign.
Strong primary colors shall be used sparingly and primarily for
accent purposes. Sign panels shall avoid areas of white or cream,
which visually detach the sign from the building. Color shall be
used to accentuate the sign design and message, and to integrate
the sign with the building.
10.2 Use colors for the sign that are generally compatible with
those of the buildingfront.
• In general, no more than three main colors shall be used,
although small amounts of additional accent colors may be Appropriateundercanopy
appropriate. hanging signs.
• Use colors and materials that are compatible with the overall
color scheme of the fa4ade.
• Select colors that offer contrast and legibility.
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Chapter 11
March 10, 2022 HP WS
DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR OFF-SEASON WINDOW DISPLAYS
Downtown Seward is a seasonal tourist destination. This creates occupancy issues because many
businesses close during the off-season. Upon closing, tenants and/or business owners screen
windows with butcher paper or similar types of materials to convey closure. This type of treatment
has a negative impact on the streetscape, including a perception of abandonment. Exterior and
interior lights are also extinguished, reinforcing the sense of closure along the street.
A more appropriate approach is to consider installing a temporary window display that could block
views to the interior of the store, but also convey information. For example, an interpretive photo
display could be one approach that could solve this issue. Low levels of illumination could lightthe
panels throughout the evening hours. Exterior lights that help to illuminate the sidewalk should
also be maintained throughout the year. These efforts would enhance the streetscape and create a
pedestrian -friendly environment year-round.
11.1 Window displays shall provide year-round interest.
• Windows covered by newspaper, boards or blank coverings are inappropriate.
• For example, a pictorial history of Seward or the building's past can be made for display during the
off-season; this can take the form of banners or display boards.
Figure 90. Display windows shall provide year-round interest.
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Appendices
March 10, 2022 HP WS
APPENDIX A
The Secretary of the Interior's Standards for the Rehabilitation of
Historic Buildings
The Secretary of the Interior's Standards for the Rehabilitation of Historic Buildings are general
rehabilitation guidelines established by the National Park Service. These standards are policies that
serve as a basis for the design principles presented in this document. The Secretary's Standards
state that:
1. A property shall be used as it was historically or be given a new use that requires minimal change
to its distinctive materials, features, spaces, and spatial relationships.
2. The historic character of a property shall be retained and preserved. The removal of distinctive
materials or alteration of features, spaces, and spatial relationships that characterize a property
shall be avoided.
3. Each property shall be recognized as a physical record of its time, place, and use. Changes that
create a false sense of historical development, such as adding conjectural features or elements
from other historic properties, shall not be undertaken.
4. Changes to a property that have acquired historic significance in their own right shall be retained
and preserved.
5. Distinctive materials, features, finishes, and construction techniques or examples of
craftsmanship that characterize a property shall be preserved.
6. Deteriorated historic features shall be repaired rather than replaced. Where the severity of
deterioration requires replacement of a distinctive feature, the new feature shall match the old in
design, color, texture, and, where possible, materials. Replacement of missing features shall be
substantiated by documentary and physical evidence.
7. Chemical or physical treatments, if appropriate, shall be undertaken using the gentlest means
possible. Treatments that cause damage to historic materials shall not be used.
8. Archeological resources shall be protected and preserved in place. If such resources must be
disturbed, mitigation measures shall be undertaken.
9. New additions, exterior alterations, or related new construction shall not destroy historic
materials, features, and spatial relationships that characterize the property. The new work shall
be differentiated from the old and shall be compatible with the historic materials, features, size,
scale and proportion, and massing to protect the integrity of the property and its environment.
10. New additions and adjacent or related new construction shall be undertaken in such a manner
that, if removed in the future, the essential form and integrity of the historic property and its
environment would be unimpaired.
11. Design for alterations and additions to existing properties should not be discouraged when such
alterations and additions do not destroy significant historical, architectural or cultural material.
Such design should be compatible with the size, scale, color, material and character of the
property, neighborhood, and environment.
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APPENDIX B
Historic Preservation Briefs
The Cultural Resources Department of the National Park Service, in the U.S. Department of the
Interior, started a program in 1975 in which it has continued to publish a series of technical reports
regarding proper preservation techniques. This series, Preservation Briefs, is a mainstay for many
preservationists in the field. When considering a preservation project on any historic property these
resources should be sought out.
Mack, Robert C. Preservation Briefs 1: The Cleaning and Waterproof Coating of Masonry Buildings.
Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1975.
Mack, Robert C., de Teel Patterson Tiller and James S. Askins. Preservation Briefs 2: Repointing
MortarJoints in Historic Brick. Washington, D.C.:
U.S. Government Printing Office, 1980.
Baird, Smith M. Preservation Briefs 3: Conserving Energy in Historic Buildings. Washington, D.C.: U.S.
Government Printing Office, 1978.
Sweetser, Sarah M. Preservation Briefs 4: Roofing for Historic Buildings. Washington, D.C.: U.S.
Government Printing Office, 1978.
U.S. Department of the Interior. Preservation Briefs 5: Preservation of Historic Adobe Buildings.
Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1978.
Grimmer, Anne E. Preservation Briefs 6: Dangers of Abrasive Cleaning to Historic Buildings.
Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1979.
Tiller, de Teel Patterson. Preservation Briefs 7: The Preservation of Historic Glazed Architectural Terra-
Cotta. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1979.
Myers, John H., revised by Gary L. Hume. Preservation Briefs 8: Aluminum and Vinyl Siding on
Historic Buildings. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1978.
Myers, John H. Preservation Briefs 9: The Repair of Historic Wooden Windows. Washington, D.C.: U.S.
Government Printing Office, 1981.
Weeks, Kay D. and David W. Look. Preservation Briefs 10: Exterior Paint Problems on Historic
Woodwork. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1982.
Jandl, H. Ward. Preservation Briefs 11: Rehabilitating Historic Storefronts. Washington, D.C.: U.S.
Government Printing Office.
U.S. Department of the Interior. Preservation Briefs 12: The Preservation of Historic Pigmented
Structural Glass. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1984.
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Park, Sharon C. Preservation Briefs 13: The Repair and Thermal Upgrading of Historic Steel Windows.
Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.
Weeks, Kay D. Preservation Briefs 14: New Exterior Additions to Historic Buildings: Preservation
Concerns. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1986.
Coney, William B. and Wiss, Janney, Elstner Associates, Inc. Preservation Briefs 15: Preservation of
Historic Concrete: Problems and General Approaches. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing
Office.
Park Sharon C. Preservation Briefs 16: The Use of Substitute Materials on Historic Building Exteriors.
Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.
Nelson, Lee H. Preservation Briefs 17: Architectural Character: Identifying the Visual Aspects of
Historic Buildings as an Aid to Preserving Their Character. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing
Office.
Jandl, H. Ward. Preservation Briefs 18: Rehabilitating Interiors in Historic Buildings. Washington, D.C.:
U.S. Government Printing Office, 1988.
Park Sharon C. Preservation Briefs 19: The Repair and Replacement of Historic Wooden Shingle
Roofs. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.
Auer, Michael J. Preservation Briefs 20: The Preservation of Historic Barns. Washington, D.C.: U.S.
Government Printing Office, 1989.
MacDonald, Marylee. Preservation Briefs 21: Repairing Historic Flat Plaster —Walls and Ceilings.
Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1989.
Grimmer, Anne. Preservation Briefs 22: The Preservation and Repair of Historic Stucco. Washington,
D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1990.
Flaharty, David. Preservation Briefs 23: Preserving Historic Ornamental Plaster. Washington, D.C.: U.S.
Government Printing Office, 1990.
Park, Sharon C. Preservation Briefs 24: Heating, Ventilating, and Cooling Historic Buildings: Problems
and Recommended Approaches. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1991.
Auer, Michael J. Preservation Briefs 25: The Preservation of Historic Signs. Washington, D.C.: U.S.
Government Printing Office, 1991.
Bomberger, Bruce D. Preservation Briefs 26: The Preservation and Repair of Historic Log Buildings.
Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1991.
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Waite, John G. Preservation Briefs 27: The Maintenance and Repair of Architectural Cast Iron.
Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1991.
Chase, Sara B. Preservation Briefs 28: Painting Historic Interiors. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government
Printing Office, 1992.
Levine, Jeffrey S. Preservation Briefs 29: The Repair, Replacement, and Maintenance of Historic Slate
Roofs. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1992.
Grimmer, Anne E. and Paul K. Williams. Preservation Briefs 30: The Preservation and Repair of
Historic Clay Tile Roofs. Washington, D.C.:
U.S. Government Printing Office, 1992.
Park, Sharon C. Preservation Briefs 31: Mothballing Historic Buildings. Washington, D.C.: U.S.
Government Printing Office, 1993.
Jester, Thomas C. and Sharon C. Park. Preservation Briefs 32: Making Historic Properties Accessible.
Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1993.
Vogel, Neal A. and Rolf Achilles. Preservation Briefs 33: The Preservation and Repair of Historic
Stained and Leaded Glass. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1993.
Thornton, Jonathan and William Adair. Preservation Briefs 34: Applied Decoration for Historic
Interiors: Preserving Composition Ornament. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office,
1994.
McDonald, Travis C. Preservation Briefs 35: Understanding Old Buildings: The Process of Architectural
Investigation. Washington, D.C.:
U.S. Government Printing Office, 1994.
Birnbaum, Charles A. Preservation Briefs 36: Protecting Cultural Landscapes: Planning, Treatment and
Management of Historic Landscapes. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1994.
Park, Sharon C. and Douglas Hicks. Preservation Briefs 37: Appropriate Methods for Reducing Lead
Paint Hazards in Historic Housing. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1995.
Weaver, Martin E. Preservation Briefs 38: Removing Graffiti from Historic Masonry. Washington, D.C.:
U.S. Government Printing Office, 1995.
Park, Sharon C. Preservation Briefs 39: Holding the Line: Controlling Unwanted Moisture in Historic
Buildings. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1994.
Grimmer, Anne E. and Kimberly A. Konrad. Preservation Briefs 40: Preserving Historic Ceramic Tile
Floors. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1995.
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Look, David W., AIA, Terry Wong, P.E., and Sylvia Rose Augustus. Preservation Brief 41: The Seismic
Retrofit of Historic Buildings. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1997.
Piper, Richard. Preservation Brief 42: The Maintenance, Repair and Replacement of Cast Stone.
Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1995.
Slaton, Deborah. Preservation Brief 43: The Prepartion and Use of Historic Structures Report.
Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2004.
Randl, Chad. Preservation Brief 44: The Use of Awnings on Historic Buildings Repair, Replacement &
New Design. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2004.
Leeke, John and Aleca Sullivan. Preservation Briefs 45: Preserving Historic Wooden Porches.
Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2006.
Randl, Chad. Preservation Briefs 46: The Preservation and Reuse of Historic Gas Stations.
Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2006.
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APPENDIX C
Glossary of Terms
Alignment. The arrangement of objects along a straight line.
Appurtenances. An additional object added to a building; typically includes vents, exhausts hoods, air
conditioning units, etc.
Asphalt Shingles. A type of roofing material composed of layers of saturated felt, cloth or paper, and
coated with a tar, or asphalt substance, and granules.
Belt Course. A horizontal board across or around a building usually enhanced with decorative
molding.
Board and Batten. Vertical plank siding with joints covered by narrow wood strips.
Bracket. A supporting member for a projecting element or shelf, sometimes in the shape of an
inverted L and sometimes as a solid piece or a triangular truss. (figure 1)
Building. A resource created principallyto shelter anyform of human activity, such as a house.
Canopy. A roof like projection or shelter that projects from the facade of a building over the sidewalk.
Clapboards. Narrow, horizontal, overlapping wooden boards, usually thicker along the bottom edge,
that form the outer skin of the walls of many wood frame buildings. The horizontal lines of the
overlaps generally are from four to six inches apart in older houses.
Composition Shingles. See asphalt shingles.
Coping. The protective uppermost course of a wall or parapet. (figure 2)
Cornice. The continuous projection at the top of a wall. The top course or molding of a wall when it
serves as a crowning member. (figure 3)
Doorframe. The part of a door opening to which a door is hinged. A doorframe consists of two
vertical members called jambs and a horizontal top member called a lintel or head.
Double -Hung Window. A window with two sashes (the framework in which window panes are set),
each moveable by a means of cords and weights.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Eave. The underside of a sloping roof projecting beyond the wall of a building. (figure 5)
Elevation. A mechanically accurate, "head-on" drawing of a face of a building or object, without
any allowance for the effect of the laws of perspective. Any measurement on an elevation will be in
a fixed proportion, or scale, to the corresponding measurement on the real building.
Facade. Front or principal face of a building, any side of a building that faces a street or other open
space.
Fascia. A flat board with a vertical face that forms the trim along the edge of a flat roof, or along the
horizontal, or "eaves" sides of a pitched roof. The rain gutter is often mounted on it.
Fenestration. The arrangement of windows and other exterior openings on a building.
Form. The overall shape of a structure (i.e., most structures are rectangular in form).
Frame. A window component. See window parts.
Gable. The portion, above eave level, of an end wall of a building with a pitched or gambrel roof. In
the case of a pitched roof this takes the form of a triangle. The term is also used sometimes to refer
to the whole end wall.
Glazing. Fitting glass into windows and doors.
Head. The top horizontal member over a door or window opening.
Historic District. A geographically definable area of urban or rural character, possessing a significant
concentration or continuity of site, building, structures or objects unified by past events or
aesthetically by plan or physical development.
Historic Resource. A structure or streetscape that is unique to its period of significance and as such is
to be wisely managed for the benefit of present and future generations.
In -Kind Replacement. To replace a feature of a building with materials of the same characteristics,
such as material, texture, color, etc.
Integrity. A property retains its integrity, if a sufficient percentage of the structure dates from the
period of significance. The majority of a building's structural system and materials should date from
the period of significance and its character defining features also should remain intact. These may
include architectural details, such as dormers and porches, ornamental brackets and moldings and
materials, as well as the overall mass and form of the building.
Kick plate. Found beneath the display window. Sometimes called bulk- head panel.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Landmark. Any of the following which have a special historical, architectural, cultural, aesthetic or
engineering interest or value of a historical nature:
• An individual structure or portion thereof;
An integrated group of structures on a single lot;
A site, or portion thereof; or
Any combination thereof.
Lap Siding. See clapboards.
Mass. The physical size and bulk of a structure.
Masonry. Construction materials such as stone, brick, concrete block or tile.
Material. As related to the determination of "integrity" of a property, material refers to the physical
elements that were combined or deposited in a particular pattern or configuration to form a historic
resource.
Module. The appearance of a single facade plane, despite being part of a larger building. One large
building can incorporate several building modules.
Molding. A decorative band or strip of material with a constant profile or section designed to cast
interesting shadows. It is generally used in cornices and as trim around window and door openings.
(figure 8)
Muntin. A bar member supporting and separating panes of glass in a window or door.
Opaque Fence. A fence that one cannot see through.
Orientation. Generally, orientation refers to the manner in which a building relates to the street. The
entrance to the building plays a large role in the orientation of a building; whereas, it should face the
street.
Panel. A sunken or raised portion of a door with a frame -like border.
Parapet. An upward extension of a building wall above the roofline, sometimes ornamented and
sometimes plain, used to give a building a greater feeling of height or a better sense of proportion.
Period of Significance. Span of time in which a property attained the significance.
Post. A piece of wood, metal, etc., usually long and square or cylindrical, set upright to support a
building, sign, gate, etc.; pillar; pole.
Preservation. The act or process of applying measures to sustain the existing form, integrity and
materials of a building or structure, and the existing form and vegetative cover of a site. It may
include initial stabilization work, where necessary, as well as ongoing maintenance of the historic
building materials.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Protection. The act or process of applying measures designed to affect the physical condition of a
property by defending or guarding it from deterioration, or to cover or shield the property from
danger of injury. In the case of buildings and structures, such treatment is generally of a temporary
nature and anticipates future historic preservation treatment; in the case of archaeological sites, the
protective measure may be temporary or permanent.
Reconstruction. The act or process of reproducing by new construction the exact form and detail of a
vanished building, structure or object, or part thereof, as it appeared at a specific period of time.
Rehabilitation. The act or process of returning a property to a state of utility through repair or
alteration which makes possible an efficient contemporary use while preserving those portions or
features of the propertywhich are significant to its historical, architectural and cultural value.
Renovation. The act or process of returning a property to a state of utility through repair or alteration
which makes possible a contemporary use.
Restoration. The act or process of accurately recovering the form and details of a property and its
setting as it appeared at a particular period of time by means of the removal of later work or by the
replacement of missing earlier work.
Sash. See window parts.
Scale. The size of structure as it appears to the pedestrian.
Shape. The general outline of a building or its facade.
Side Light. A usually long fixed sash located beside a door or window; often found in pairs.
Siding. The narrow horizontal or vertical wood boards that form the outer face of the walls in a
traditional wood frame house. Horizontal wood siding is also referred to as clapboards. The term
"siding" is also more loosely used to describe any material that can be applied to the outside of a
building as a finish.
Sill. The lowest horizontal member in a frame or opening for a window or door. Also, the lowest
horizontal member in a framed wall or partition.
Size. The dimensions in height and width of a building's face. Stile. A vertical piece in a panel or
frame, as of a door or window.
Stabilization. The fact or process of applying measures designed to reestablish a weather resistant
enclosure and the structural stability of an unsafe or deteriorated property while maintaining the
essential form as it exists at present.
Storefront. Exterior facade of a commercial building. Includes the following architectural elements:
display window, transom, kick plate, entry, cornice molding, and upper story windows.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Streetscape. Generally, the streetscape refers to the character of the street, or how elements of the
street form a cohesive environment.
Traditional. Based on or established by the history of the area.
Transom Window. A small window or series of panes above a door, or above a casement or double
hung window.
Vernacular. This means that a building does not have details associated with a specific architectural
style, but is a simple building with modest detailing and form. Historically, factors often influencing
vernacular building were things such as local building materials, local climate and building forms
used by successive generations.
Visual Continuity. A sense of unity or belonging together that elements of the built environment
exhibit because of similarities among them.
Window Parts. The moving units of a window are known as sashes and move within the fixed frame.
The sash may consist of one large pane of glass or may be subdivided into smaller panes by thin
members called muntins or glazing bars. Sometimes in nineteenth century houses windows are
arranged side by side and divided by heavy vertical wood members called mullions
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Brackets
Coping
Cornice
Double Hung Window
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March 10, 2022 HP WS
Kick Plate
Molding
Parapet
Posts
Side Lights
March 10, 2022 HP WS
APPENDIX D
Historic Resources Map
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March 10, 2022 HP WS
APPENDIX E
Selecting Historic Paint Colors
Selecting a Color
Find the Original Color
When selecting a paint color for your historic building, it is most appropriate to use the original color
or another color that would have been available when the building was constructed. The original
color may be listed in historic records, shown in old photos, determined by a heritage consultant
who analyzes a sample and then helps determine a match from modern paint colors, or determined
by the home owner using the "bullseye method" (Stark, Historic Media).
The "bullseye method' consists of sanding down an area in a shallow circle about four inches across
down to the bare wood or base layer, with a final rub with very fine sandpaper. Pick an area that has
been most protected from the weather and previous paint preparation, such as the north side under
the eaves. Remember that some of the old layers were probably lead paint so wear a facemask, do
not breath the dust and keep your bullseye small. A quick rub with some clear mineral oil has
returned the colors to their original intensity. A color strategist could then help you match the
original color to a modern paint color. Learn more in the article "Finding the Original Colors of My
House" by Stuart Stark of Historic Media.
Finding an Appropriate Historical Color if the Original is Not Available
If the original color can't be determined, an appropriate color can be estimated by what was
available locally, regionally or nationally at the time. Pre -mixed paints became available in large
cities in the 1880s, but many painters still bought pigments and ground and mixed them with
linseed oil to make their own paints on site through the 1920s. These colors would be impossible to
determine unless finding evidence of them on your historic building.
Local available paint colors would have likely been based on what was in style nationally, and
popular in Alaska. Paint was available through local stores such as Brown and Hawkins, and possibly
through mail order catalogues such as Sears, Roebuck and Co. The Seward Gateway newspaper ads
show Brown and Hawkins sold Whittier and Coburn Company paint in 1909, and Fuller paint in the
1920s. Sears, Roebuck Co. catalog sold Seroco paints.
the painting styles of the period when your home was constructed. How dark or light were the body
colors compared to the trim and accent colors, and how many colors were generally used? In the
1880s-1890s or late Victorian period, deep, rich colors were popular for the main body of the home.
That that changed to paler and brighter colors during 1900-1920 s when Seward was founded. How
colors were used on the body and trim also changed. Many homes built in the 1890s, had a mid -
tone body color, darker trim boards and pale sashes. In the early 1900s around the time Seward was
founded , the style was a mid -tone body color, with pale trim boards and dark painted window
sashes.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Any colors noted here or that you may see online, look different than they actually looked at the
time because of the quality of the photo , your computer screen, or the printed copy you are
viewing. Colors shown here are for reference and ideas only. For your particular house, your will
have other considerations such as fixed finishes and roof colors to consider. Your color selection
should also look good in relation to neighboring buildings and the neighborhood. Consider
consulting with a color specialist for best results.
Before painting, review the following briefs to help you save time and money, determine the
appropriate method of preparing your building for paint and what type of paint should be used.
Chase, Sara B. Preservation Briefs 28: Painting Historic Interiors. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government
Printing Office, 1992.
Weeks, Kav D., and David W. Look. Preservation Briefs 10: Exterior Paint Problems on Historic
Woodwork. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1982.
1903-1910
Early pictures of Seward are in black and white, so colors are difficult to determine. Many early
photos reflect an abundance of what appears to be white or light-colored buildings. This would be
typical of the styles when Seward was founded. Also, more colorful paints were likely more
expensive.
Seward Gateway newspaper ads show that Brown and Hawkins sold Whittier -Coburn Company
paints. There were other businesses listed in ads that offered paint, but the brands were not listed.
Some Whittier -Coburn colors from the time can be found on paint cards shown online, which may
represent colors available in Seward at the time. Local painters may have also purchased pigments,
and mixed their own paint colors.
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Examples of some Whitter Coburn Co. colors found online
that were available in 1909. It is unknown if these colors
were available in Seward, but since the brand was
carried, it was likely they were.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Coburn Co's Floor faint.
hitti ._ of um Co. catalog. 1909
F'CX'S
COLD WATER PAINT
Fireproof .. Waterproof .. Permanent
FOR BRICK, CEMENT CONCRETE
AND ROUGH LUMBER SURFACES
Examples of some Whitter Coburn Co. colors found online that were available in 1909.
Some of today's modern paint companies such as Benjamin Moore and Sherwin Williams were also
making paint during this time period. We do not know if their paints were available in Seward, but is
likely that similar colors were being made by brands available in Seward. Listed are some that both
have listed as popular during these different time periods.
When Seward was founded, the Victorian period was ending and the Craftsman Style beginning.
Some of the color preferences of the Craftsman Period include simple off whites and earth tones.
Sherwin Williams Paint Colors
SW J636 SW 0035
Buckram Binding Warm Beige
Interior Interior/Exterior
ILM
SW 0037 SW 0040
Morris Room Grey Roycroft Adobe
Interior I Exterior Interior / Exterior
SW 0041 SW 0043 SW 0048
Dard Hunter Green Peristyle Brass Bunglehouse Blue
Interior I Exterior Interior! Exterior Interior! Exterior
These colors were popular from the 1890s through 1920.
Benjamin Moore Paint Colors
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The homes of the early 20th century relied on the old white pigments — white lead, zinc white, and
|ithopone —for white paints. In 1916 technology allow a denser, white pigment with better coverage
and durability. This soon became very popular for exterior paint.
Sherwin
WilliamsPaint
� Colors
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Color preferences of the Craftsman Period listed above from 1903-1910 were still popular.
Benjamin
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Sears sold paint through their catalogues and had a big influence over style and color. Seward may
have had access toorder paint through this catalogue.
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1920-1930
The new white paints became increasingly popular for interior paints. Enamel paints were
developed and praised for use in kitchens and bathrooms since they could be washed and were
considered very clean and hygienic.
Seward Gateway Brown and Hawkins ads in the 1920s showed they were carrying Fuller paints.
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March 10, 2022 HP WS
Fuller paint colors, circa 1925, according to a seller on eBoy. These
are lacquers so were likely used more on furniture than on
exteriors.
Sherwin Williams Paint Colors
According to Sherwin Williams, this period, often called the jazz age, used wall colors that were
generally light neutrals and greys with accessories and accents in vibrant colors like Chinese Red and
Blue Peacock.
N 0
SW 0057 SW 0058 SW 0059 SW 0060
Chinese Red Jazz Age Coral Frostwork Alexandrite
Interior/Exterior Intenor Interior/Exterior Interior l Exterior
Benjamin Moore Paint Colors
A;v Sr' —, Ar'61 F) Am k aFnx Nrj-
SW 0061
Salon Rose
Interior
Af 54'5 Sottucta
SW 0062 SW 0063
Studio Mauve Blue Sky
Interior/Exterior Interior l Exterior
SW 0064
Blue Peacock
Interior
March 10, 2022 HP WS
1930-1940
Did Brown and Hawkins still carry Fuller paint in the 1930s? If so, here are some of their colors that
may have been available in Seward.
From a 1934 Fuller Point catalogue, Color in the Home:
Suggestions for Interior and Exterior Decorating. W.P. Fuller &
Co. Son Francisco (W. P. Fuller & Co.) 1934
CONCRETA CONCRETA
os
W. P. FULLER 8, CO. a tea. W. P. FULLER & CO.
From a 1930s W. P. FULLER & Co. CONCRETA Damp Proof
Coating PAINT Samples Booklet being sold on eBoy.
Fuller Point colors from a 1934 catologue.(W.P. Fuller& Co.)
1934 Fuller Point colors from a 1934 catologue.(W.P. Fuller& Co.)
1934.
March 10, 2022 HP WS
Sherwin Williams Paint Colors
According to Sherwin Williams, the modern movement and streamlined design inspired soft and
dusty Interior colors with creamy yellows, blued grays, soft pinks and accents in deep forest green
and burgundy.
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SW 0065
SW 0066
SW 0067 SW 0068
Vog ue Green
Cascade Green
Belvedere Cream Copen Blue
Interior Exterior
Intoner/ Exterior
Interior/ Exterior Interior/ Exteror
Benjamin
Moore
Paint Colors
so -
SW 0069 SW 0070
Rose Tan Pink Shad —
Interior / Exterior Interior( Exterior
Lim
SW 0071
SW 0072
Orchid
Deep Maroon
Interior/ Exteror
Intenor
AF'34 Shim t U '"'I v Jow TMOXIIIIIIIIIIIII AMC EI&A
Mon
1940 - 1950
Sherwin Williams Paint Colors
The paint colors of then 1930s were still popular in the 1940s. See above.
Benjamin Moore Paint Colors
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Resources
Benjamin Moore Three Centuries of Color
Color in the Home: Sueeestions for Interior and Exterior DecoratinLy. W.P. Fuller & Co. San Francisco
(W.R Fuller & Co.) 1934
Seroco Paint- Sears and Roebuck Catalogue 1918.
Chartniin \A/iIIinmc- (-nInr Thrnl lah tha r)arnr4ac
Old House Colors- Historic Media.