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HomeMy WebLinkAbout07152025 Planning & Zoning Work Session PacketPlanning & Zoning Commission Work Session Packet Work Session Tuesday, July 15, 2025 Council Chambers, City Hall 6: 00 p.m. The City of Seward, Alaska SEWARD PLANNING AND ZONING COMMISSION WORK SESSION AGENDA July 15, 2025 6:00 p.m. Council Chambers Carol Griswold Chair Term February, 2027 Brenan Hornseth Vice Chair Term February, 2028 Nathaniel Charbonneau Commissioner Term February, 2027 Vanessa Verhey Commissioner Term February, 2026 Clare Sullivan Commissioner Term February, 2026 Rhonda Hubbard Commissioner Term February, 2028 June Pemberton Commissioner Term February, 2028 Daniel Meuninck Community Development Director Courtney Bringhurst City Planner Jamie Crocker Executive Planning Assistant Kris Peck City Clerk 1) CALL TO ORDER 2) STAFF COMMENTS 3) DISCUSSION ITEMS a) Veterinary Hospital Ordinance Draft 6 b) Missing Middle Housing 10 i. Mixed -use development definition .10 ii. Apartments in commercial buildings ......15 iii. Cottage Court ...19 4) ADJOURNMENT 2 OUTCOME GOALS FOR WORK SESSION 1) Review the draft Ordinance for amending the land uses allowed table for Veterinary Hospital. 2) Discuss a definition for the term "mixed -use development". 3) Review the land uses allowed table for apartments in a commercial building and discuss where changes can be made to match what is currently in effect in the downtown area and to encourage this type of development in other areas. 4) Review the Cottage Court dwelling type and discuss whether this could be a land use that should be added to the land uses allowed table. Background: A temporary veterinary clinic has been operating out of the Animal Shelter occasionally throughout the year. The property is zoned Institutional, and a mobile medical unit is allowed outright in this zoning district. However, a permanent veterinary hospital/clinic is not allowed. A veterinary clinic is a much -needed service in Seward, and the land uses allowed table should be reviewed to ensure that it is not too restrictive of where a veterinary clinic can operate, thus inadvertently eliminating the option of having a permanent veterinary clinic come to Seward. One of the Commission's priorities approved by the City Council is to "contribute and collaborate as needed to help be part of the solution for the housing issues that Seward is facing." As such, the Commission will discuss a variety of topics related to the "Missing Middle Housing". The Missing Middle Housing types provide diverse housing options that are currently missing or not sufficient in comunities such as duplexes, fourplexes, townhomes, cottage courts, and multiplexes. These are house -scaled buildings, meant to fit seamlessly into existing residential neighborhoods and to support walkability and locally serving retail. During this work session, the Commission will focus on discussing the Missing Middle Housing topics of mixed -use development, apartments in a commercial building, and cottage courts. 3 Mixed -use development: During the past two work sessions discussing Parking, the topic of mixed -use development has come up as an area of confusion since it is not defined within the code, and it is not listed in the parking requirements table. As part of the discussion regarding "Missing Middle Housing", the Commission will discuss a potential definition for mixed -use development. Adding it to the parking requirements table will be discussed at a future work session. Apartments in a commercial building: This use is already defined in our code and is listed in the land uses allowed table. It is a form of mixed -use development that specifically pertains to the combination of residential and commercial uses within the same building. Currently, there are only two listed options within the land uses allowed table for this use: one apartment within a commercial building, and two or more apartments within a commercial building. During past work sessions, a member of the public brought up that many of the buildings downtown have two or more apartments within a commercial building. This was an outright allowed use in the past, so many of these locations do not meet the current parking code. Since a CUP is now required for the same use, many of these buildings could not be rebuilt if they were destroyed or needed major repairs. The Commission will review the land uses allowed table and discuss where possible changes could be made to encourage this type of missing middle housing. Cottage Court: This is a type of dwelling that is currently not in our code. It is a group of small (1 — 1.5 story), detached structures arranged around a shared courtyard visible from the street and located on a single lot. Community Development staff are bringing this dwelling type forward for the Commission to discuss and review since it is a Missing Middle Housing type, and staff have also been approached by two different developers who have expressed interest in developing something similar in nature to a cottage court. 4 Veterinary Hospital Sponsored: Sorensen Introduction: August XX, 2025 Public Hearing: September XX, 2025 Enactment: September XX, 2025 CITY OF SEWARD, ALASKA ORDINANCE 2025-XXX AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SEWARD, ALASKA, AMENDING SEWARD CITY CODE §15.10.226 LAND USES ALLOWED TABLE TO ADD VETERINARY HOSPITAL AS AN OUTRIGHT ALLOWED USE IN THE INSTITUTIONAL ZONING DISTRICT WHEREAS, according to Seward City Code 15.01.035, the Planning and Zoning Commission by its own motion may recommend amendments to Title 15 to the City Council; and WHEREAS, it is in the best interest of the community to periodically review and update the City zoning code to reflect community changes and needs; and and WHEREAS, there are currently no permanent veterinary hospitals operating in Seward; WHEREAS, a veterinary hospital is allowed with a Conditional Use Permit (CUP) in the Auto Commercial, Industrial, and Resource Management zoning districts; and WHEREAS, a veterinary clinic from Soldotna, AK has been providing mobile clinic service for animals in Seward at the Seward Animal Shelter; and WHEREAS, the Seward Animal Shelter is located on a property that is zoned Institutional; and WHEREAS, an animal shelter is allowed outright in Industrial, and with a CUP in Resource Management and Institutional; and WHEREAS, a medical clinic is allowed outright in Office Residential, Auto Commercial, Harbor Commercial, Central Business, and Institutional; and WHEREAS, the WHEREAS, the. NOW, THEREFORE, THE CITY OF SEWARD ORDAINS that: Section 1. Seward City Code Title 15.10.226 Land Uses Allowed Table is hereby amended to read as follows (new language is in bolded italics and underlined, and deleted language is stricken): 6 CITY OF SEWARD, ALASKA ORDINANCE 2025-XXX TABLE Zoning District Designations The following zoning district abbreviations are provided for information and interpretation: RR = Rural, very low density single-family residential R1 = Single-family, low density residential R2 = Single and two-family, medium density residential R3 = Single, two and multi -family, high density residential UR = Urban residential, a mix of residential uses and low impact home professional offices OR = Office residential AC = Auto and neighborhood oriented, light commercial HC = Harbor commercial CB = Central business district - dense downtown commercial I = Industrial RM = Resource management - partially developable lands subject to floodplains and steep slopes INS = Institutional, public, quasi -public uses P = Parks Table 15.10.226. Land Uses Allowed Key: O — Use Permitted Outright H — Home Occupation C — Use Requires Conditional Use Permit P — Use Requires Administrative Permit Blank — Use Prohibited Zoning Districts Principally Residential Principally Commercial Principally Public Uses RR RI R2 R3 UR OR AC HC CB I RM INS P Veterinary Hospital € 0 C 0 CO 0 CITY OF SEWARD, ALASKA ORDINANCE 2025-XXX Section 2. This ordinance shall take effect ten (10) days upon adoption. ENACTED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SEWARD, ALASKA the XX day of September, 2025. THE CITY OF SEWARD, ALASKA Sue McClure, Mayor AYES: NOES: AB SENT: ABSTAIN: VACANT: ATTEST: Kris Peck City Clerk (City Seal) 8 Mixed -Use Development Definition Definitions: Mixed -use development Dwelling. A building designed or used exclusively as living quarters for one or more families. a. Apartment. Any portion of a building which is designed, built, rented, leased, let or hired out to be occupied or which is occupied as the home or residence of an individual for daily living and doing his own cooking independently of any other individual or family in the same building. b. Apartment, commercial building. An apartment located within a building designed to accommodate a mix of residential and commercial uses. c. Apartment, efficiency (also called accessory apartment). A single separate dwelling unit consisting of not more than one habitable room which includes combined kitchen, dining and sleeping areas with accompanying sanitary facilities, and which is located within or shares a common wall with a single-family dwelling d. Apartment, owner or manager. An apartment within a building that is designed to be used exclusively as the living quarters for the owner or manager family of that building or a commercial business located in the building. e. Apartment, studio. A small apartment less than 500 square feet with a fully functional kitchen and bathroom. f. Condominium. A form of housing ownership by which a person may purchase and own one dwelling unit in a multiunit building or development. Each owner owns a common interest in such things as the underlying land, common walls, stairwells, elevators, lobbies, laundry rooms and recreation rooms. g. Guest house. An accessory building occupied on a temporary basis solely by nonpaying guests. h. Mobile home. A factory -built home designed to be used as a year-round residential dwelling and originally designed and mounted on wheels and/or axle supports for transportation by another vehicle. i. Modular home. A factory -built residential structure that is transportable in one or more sections, is built on a permanent chassis, and is used as a place of human habitation, but which is not constructed with a permanent hitch or other device allowing transport of the unit other than for the purpose of delivery to a permanent site, and which does not have wheels or axles permanently attached to its body or frame. Includes factory - built and manufactured home. J. Multiple -family. A building designed as a residence for three or more families, with the number of families in residence not exceeding the number of dwelling units provided and each living independently of the other under one roof. k. Single-family, attached. A building containing two or more dwelling units, each of which has primary ground floor access to the outside and which are attached to each 10 other by party walls without openings. Also commonly called townhouse, row house and zero -lot line. 1. Single-family, detached. A building designed and/or used exclusively for occupancy of one family and entirely surrounded by open space on the same lot. m. Two-family or duplex. A building containing two single-family dwelling units totally separated from each other by an unpierced wall extending from ground to roof or unpierced ceiling and floor extending from exterior wall to exterior wall, except for a common stairwell exterior to both dwelling units. n. Unit, dwelling unit. A building or separate portion thereof containing kitchen, living, sleeping accommodations and at least one bathroom and designed to be occupied exclusively as a residence by one family. o. Watchman or caretaker dwelling. An accessory dwelling associated with a commercial or industrial building or structure for the purpose of housing a watchman or caretaker and immediate family. Marina. A facility for storing, servicing, fueling, berthing and securing and launching of boats that may include the sale of fuel and incidental supplies for the boat owners and guests. Also includes harbor. Mixed Use Development. A development that combines two or more land uses permitted in the zoning district, such as residential, commercial, office, and/or institutional uses, in a single building or on a single site. (Mobile home. See Dwelling) Mobile home park. A parcel or adjacent parcels of land in the same ownership upon which two or more mobile homes are located or for which space is leased or held out for lease or use on a month -to -month or longer basis. This does not include sale lots on which unoccupied mobile homes are parked for inspection and sales and shall not be construed to mean tourist facilities for parking of travel trailers, motor homes or campers. 11 Mixed Use Definition Examples: 1. Portland, Oregon Mixed -Use Building: A building that contains both residential uses and commercial or employment uses. These uses may be arranged vertically (e.g., commercial on the ground floor with residential above) or horizontally (e.g., different uses located side -by -side). Source: City of Portland Zoning Code (Title 33) 2. Seattle, Washington Mixed -Use Structure: A structure containing both residential and non-residential uses. Typically, residential uses are located above the street -level commercial uses, but they may also be located to the rear or side of commercial space. II Source: Seattle Municipal Code (SMC 23.84A) 3. Austin, Texas Mixed Use: The combination of residential and non-residential uses on a single site, including within a single building or in multiple buildings on the same lot or parcel. Typical combinations include retail/residential, office/residential, or retail/office. Source: Austin Land Development Code 4. Anchorage, Alaska Mixed -Use Development: A development that combines two or more land uses, such as residential, commercial, and/or civic uses, in a single building or on a single site in an integrated and pedestrian -friendly manner. II Source: Anchorage Municipal Code — Title 21 5. Denver, Colorado Mixed -Use Building: A building that contains a mix of primary uses permitted in the zone district, which may include residential, commercial, office, and institutional uses. These uses may be located in a single building or on the same site. II Source: Denver Zoning Code 12 6. Sacramento, California Mixed -Use Project: A development containing residential uses in conjunction with one or more of the following: retail, office, entertainment, or civic uses, either vertically within the same building or horizontally across the development site. 111 Source: Sacramento City Code — Title 17 Zoning Key Common Elements: • Combination of residential + commercial/employment/civic uses • May be vertical (stacked) or horizontal (side -by -side) • Typically promotes walkability, density, and urban design goals • Often regulated through form -based codes or overlay districts 13 Apartments in Commercial Buildings Land Uses Allowed Table: Apartment in a commercial building TABLE Zoning District Designations The following zoning district abbreviations are provided for information and interpretation: RR = Rural, very low density single-family residential Rl = Single-family, low density residential R2 = Single and two-family, medium density residential R3 = Single, two and multi -family, high density residential UR = Urban residential, a mix of residential uses and low impact home professional offices OR = Office residential AC = Auto and neighborhood oriented, light commercial HC = Harbor commercial CB = Central business district - dense downtown commercial I = Industrial RM = Resource management - partially developable lands subject to floodplains and steep slopes INS = Institutional, public, quasi -public uses P = Parks Table 15.10.226. Land Uses Allowed Key: O — Use Permitted Outright H — Home Occupation C — Use Requires Conditional Use Permit P — Use Requires Administrative Permit Blank — Use Prohibited 15 Zoning Districts Principally Residential Principally Commercial Principally Public Uses RR RI R2 R3 UR OR AC HC CB I RM INS P Dwelling, attached accessory dwelling unit 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C Dwelling, detached accessory dwelling unit 0 O 0 O 0 C Dwelling, apartment in a commercial building (limited to one unit) 0 0 O 0 O C Dwelling, apartment in a commercial building (two-four units) 0 0 0 0 Dwelling, apartment in a commercial building (five or more units) 0 0 C C Dwelling, apartment in a commercial -0 0 G G building (two or more units) Dwelling, apartment, studio CCCCC C Dwelling, attached single-family, i.e., townhouse, row CCCCCC C Dwelling, condominium CCCCCC C Dwelling, detached single-family 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C C Dwelling, group home 0 O 0 O 0 O C Dwelling, guest house 0 0 C 16 Zoning Districts Principally Residential Principally Commercial Principally Public Uses RR RI R2 R3 UR OR AC HC CB I RM INS P Dwelling, multi- family (3 or more units) CCCC CC C Dwelling, two- family or duplex 0 0 0 0 0 C C Dwelling, watchman or caretaker 0 C 17 Cottage Court MISSING MIDDLE HOUSING r Chapter 5 I Missing Middle Housing Types 1 111 OTTAGE Diagram showing how building is broken down into units, CORT This type consists of a series of small (one to one and a half sto- ries and small footprint) homes that are typically detached, ori- jented around a small shared court that is usually perpendicular to the street. The units to the rear of the lot, perpendicular to the street, are more often attached, sometimes even two stories, and in a slightly larger building that is parallel to the street. In addition to accommodating units, the rear building some- times houses a shared laundry room, storage space, or parking that is often accessed off of an alley. This type is ideally applied in walkable contexts. Since cottage courts are limited to one to one and a half stories and very small -footprint buildings, they are compatible with single-family homes, so it is the easiest type to justify allowing in single-family zones, even in neighborhoods with larger lots. Design Characteristics • Often found on an aggregation of one to three lots in pre- 1940s neighborhoods, typically ranging from 100 to 200 ft. wide. 19 (Photos, pages 112-113) Examples of cottage courts. • One to one and a half stories maximum Exception: If the rear building is parallel to the street, often along an alley, it is sometimes two stories tall. Since there is only 20-25 ft. of this building facing adjacent lots, this second -story element to the rear of the lot does not cause compatibility issues. • Small -footprint units: Homes that are one room wide by two rooms deep are not uncommon (around 500-600 sq. ft.). If the homes are full size, or on lots generally larger than 200 ft. in width, it becomes more of a pocket neighborhood or house cluster, neither of which are at the small scale of the cottage court (see comparison of cottage court and pocket neighborhood on page 119). Parking, if it is provided on -site, is often off of an alley or with a cluster -parking area. It should always be detached from the homes so that residents have to walk through the courtyard to get into their home. This type is really hard to make efficient if it is not loaded (parked) from an alley. • If residents can drive into a garage and walk into a unit directly, the casual interactions that occur when walking from car to unit are missed. It also takes much of the living space that engages the shared courtyard and pushes it up to the second floor. This may seem like a small deal, but it is not. • Detached units are typical, but some examples have some attached units, Units are on the side or rear of the lot. (Be sure to clarify if attached units are allowed in your development standards.) • Side setbacks are often very small at 5-6 ft. because 20 MISSING MIDDLE HOUSING 7 Chapter 5 I Missing Middle Housing Types 1115 Table 5-6: Cottage Court, Alley -Loaded LOT Width 110 ft. Depth 150 ft. Area 16,500 sq. ft. 0.379 acres UNITS Number of Units 8 'Typical Unit Size 840 sq. ft. DENSITY Net Density 21 du/acre Gross Density 16 du/acre PARKING Off-street Ratio 1.0 space per unit On -street Spaces 5 Off-street Spaces 8 SETBACKS Front 15 ft. Side 5 ft. BUILDING Width 24 ft. Depth 35 ft. Height (to Eave) 15 ft. Floors 1 lized alley -loaded axonometric wing with data table. Idealized front -loaded axonometric drawing with data table. Table 5-6: Cottage Court, Front -Loaded LOT Width 125 ft, Depth 150 ft. Area 18,750 sq. ft. 0.430 acres UNITS Number of Units 6 -Typical Unit Size 840 sq. ft. DENSITY Net Density 14 du/acre Gross Density 12 du/acre PARKING Off-street Ratio 1.0 spaces per unit On -street Spaces 5 Off-street Spaces 6 SETBACKS Front 15 ft. Side 5 ft. BUILDING Width 24 ft. Depth 35 ft. Height (to Eave) 15 ft. Floors 1 21 (Photos, pages 116-117) Various courtyard sizes and entry configurations. no rear yards are desired. To maximize the size of the courtyard, the buildings push as dose to the side property line as possible. There is typically an exception to minimum side setbacks for this type. This is okay because the houses are only one story. • Private yard spaces ideally are not provided because they will compromise the use and activation of the shared court. • This type often has a small 5-8 ft. deep dooryard between the porch/stoop/entry and the court. This space can be defined by a small 6-8 in. rope fence or by landscaping, or a taller hedge or fence. The hedge or fence should not be too tall or it will make spaces on both sides feel constrained and compromise the commu9ity feel. Chapter 5 I Massing Middle Housing Types 1 119 Box 5-1 Comparing Pocket Neighborhoods and Cottage Courts The Cully Grove case study in chapter 6 is an excellent example of a pocket neigh- borhood. They are a series of detached, attached, and sometimes stacked homes ori- ented around a shared green space that often integrate shared amenities, such as a community house or workshop. Here are the primary ways a cottage court is different than a pocket neighborhood. Overall scale: Cottage courts are typically built on smaller lots, often an individual lot or a couple typical lots combined. Cottage courts create a strong sense of community but do not create a neighborhood. They are a component of a larger neighborhood. Cottage courts typically have smaller houses: This includes height and footprint. • Cottage courts have smaller courtyard spaces. • Cottage courts typically generate higher densities (if you are keeping track or regulating with density). The reason that these differences matter is that you may need a separate set of standards, likely multiple zoning districts, to regulate the full variety of cottage courts on smaller infill lots, where you want smaller -scale buildings, and an ordinance to encourage pocket neighborhoods on larger lots. Pocket neighborhoods, which can typically happen on slightly larger lots, likely above one acre, often require larger com- munity spaces and integrate two-story buildings. How to Regulate This Type • Regulate a maximum height: Establish a maximum height of one to one and a half stories. • Rear building heights: When alleys are present, allow the rear building to go up to two stories, but regulate a maximum depth of the two story element. • Regulate a minimum width and depth of the courtyard: It is not unusual to see examples that are 25 ft. from building face to building face. This minimum distance needs to be regulated in your development standards/ zoning. • Reduce side setbacks: An exception often needs to be made to the required side setbacks in a zone. You could have a smaller side setback on one-story buildings than two -plus -story buildings. • Allow for narrower drives: When alleys are not present, a city needs to allow narrow driveways for buildings and projects of less than ten to fifteen units to enable this type, including front -loaded versions. This is often controlled by a city's engineering or public works department. • Driveways are not courtyards: Regulate such that access to garages or driveways do not count as courtyards. This is important within a good design of this type, because it provides outdoor space since there are no private yards. The courtyards function as the focal point for the residents, where formal activities and informal interactions happen that build a sense of community. • Allow attached units: Allow these types with attached units in areas transitioning from single family to areas with larger buildings/higher densities. Otherwise require detached homes with a maximum of 8 ft. between them. • Enable further housing choices: To cover a full spectrum of housing choices you may have multiple zones that enable different variations of cottage courtvpes. MISSING MIDDLE HOUSING Chapter 5 I Missing Middle Housing Types P 121 Minimum courtyard sizes and maximum size (height and footprint) of buildings may vary between the zones. • In a nuanced approach a city would have multiple zones that allow different variations of this type: • Zone one (small form and scale): Caps the height at one story, requires detached units, and caps building footprints at 500 sq. ft. • Zone two (medium form and scale): Caps heights at two stories, requires detached units, but allows footprints as large as 1,200 sq. ft. • Zone three (larger form and scale): Caps heights at one and a half or two stories, allows attached units, only regulates building depth, and allows a smaller courtyard width. (Above) Illustration of a typical cottage court. (Opposite) Courtyard variations with larger and attached buildings that should not fit within cottage court zoning but are good types to allow in other locations. Cottage Court Examples: 1. City of Bend, Oregon Bend Development Code — Section 3.6.200 (Cottage Developments) Definition: Cottage development means a grouping of small, detached single-family dwellings clustered around a shared court or open space. Development Standards: • Minimum of 4 cottages and a maximum of 12 per development. • Maximum floor area: 1,200 sq. ft. per cottage. • Each unit must have access to a common open space. • Minimum 400 sq. ft. of open space per unit. • Parking must be located to the side or rear of units. 2. City of Raleigh, North Carolina Unified Development Ordinance (UDO) — Section 2.5.7.0 Cottage Court: A form of development where multiple detached or attached dwelling units are located on a single lot, arranged to front on a shared courtyard. Key Requirements: • 4 to 12 units per courtyard. • Minimum courtyard area: 400 sq. ft. per unit. • Each dwelling must front on and have direct access to the courtyard. • Parking is generally grouped or shared, not in front of units. 3. City of Austin, Texas Land Development Code — Section 25-2-1443 (Cottage Housing Development) 25 Definition: A "cottage housing development" is a residential development of small detached structures clustered around a common area. Regulations: • Maximum size per cottage: 1,100 sq. ft. • Minimum common open space: 150 sq. ft. per cottage. • Height limit: 1.5 stories or 25 feet. • Reduced minimum lot sizes and setbacks allowed. 4. City of Redmond, Washington Zoning Code — Section 20C.30.41 (Cottage Housing Developments) Purpose: To provide for a housing type that is small in scale and clustered to encourage community interaction. Standards: • Units must be under 1,000 sq. ft. • Clustering required around central open space. • Shared pedestrian access required. • Each unit must have a private yard (minimum 200 sq. ft.). • Porches required to face common space. 5. City of Spokane, Washington Municipal Code — Chapter 17C.110 (Residential Zones) Cottage Housing: A group of small single-family detached homes clustered around a shared open space and providing community -oriented housing. Highlights: • Minimum of 4 and maximum of 12 units per site. • Common courtyard required with minimum dimensions. 26 • Maximum unit size: 1,000 sq. ft. • Shared vehicle access lanes preferred. • Encourages front porches and pedestrian connectivity. 6. Juneau — Cottage Housing Development (CHD) Juneau's ordinance, adopted in 2005, explicitly allows for cottage -style developments in its urban core. According to a case study: • Minimum lot size per unit varies by zoning district: Typically involves 4-12 cottages clustered together, with design standards using a points system —ensuring quality and compatibility with neighborhood character 27