HomeMy WebLinkAbout06222026 City Council Laydown - Tsunami Alert UpdateAlaska - Building a Weather-Ready Nation
Tsunami Alert Update
Seward City Council Meeting
June 22, 2026
Aviva Braun
Warning Coordination Meteorologist
National Weather Service, Anchorage
Detect the problem (rapid seismic analysis) and Alert (procedural)
Adjust alerting strategy with better quality seismic parameters
Confirm a tsunami exists at a DART station.
Measure the tsunami and forecast
Adjust alerting strategy with deep ocean tsunami observations
Observe tsunami along the coast
Confirm large-scale impactful tsunami event has ended.
Tsunami Process
📣COMMUNICATE THROUGHOUT THE EVENT
Observations Inform Tsunami Alerting
Seismic observations
NTWC-operated and worldwide partner networks detect local and global earthquakes
Deep-ocean water level observations
Coastal water-level
observations
NTWC-operated stations plus NOAA and
worldwide-supported tide gauges networks measure a tsunami once it reaches the coast
NOAA-operated DART underwater pressure sensors plus worldwide
partner-supported networks detect deep-ocean water changes indicating a tsunami is present
Tsunami
water level story starts here
How do we communicate over EAS and WEA?
NWS Gateway
(NOAA Weather Wire and
CAP Encoding)
🌊⚠️
⚠️NTWC
Issues
A Warning
NAWAS / USCG
NOAA WEATHER RADIO
3rd PARTY
SOFTWARE
EAS
RADIO/TV
BROADCAST
STATIONS
RADIO/TV
BROADCAST
STATIONS
PUBLIC
WEA
IPAWS
(FEMA)
EMNET
NIXLE, APPS, etc
5
Skip for: none
6
WEA
Skip for: none
7
Overalerting Issue
“Small” near-shore quakes may require a procedural tsunami warning.
Breakpoint includes coastal zones into Cook Inlet.
This publicly alerts unnecessary regions in the Kenai Peninsula Borough.
NTWC tsunami “breakpoints” used to coordinate coastal broad alerting through
NWS Public Weather Forecast Zones
Breakpoints shown:
1- Chignik Bay
2- Kennedy Entrance
3- Hinchinbrook Entrance
1
2
3
Coastal public
weather zone
Coastal public weather zone
Inland public weather zone
Inland public weather zone
Inland public weather zone
Inland public weather zone
Inland public weather zone
Inland public weather zone
Coastal public weather zone
Coastal public weather zone
Coastal public weather zone
Coastal public weather zone
1
NTWC Breakpoint Segment
FIPS boundary: abc
FIPS boundary: stu
FIPS boundary: jkl
2
Breakpoints and zones
FIPS boundary: xyz
Overalerting: Public WEA goes well beyond intended alert regions.
Solution for Kenai Peninsula Borough
Reduce unintentional overalerting due to breakpoint strategy and Census/FIPs boundaries
Change for Future Small Sand Point Tsunami Alerts
“Small” quakes near the coast require a procedural tsunami warning.
Previous breakpoint includes coastal zones into Cook Inlet.
In late Sep 2025, NTWC moved associated Cook Inlet zones to the Hinchinbrook Entrance Breakpoint
Breakpoint locations
Specific tsunami alerting strategy change
Not a true “fix”.
NTWC is shifting alerting issue to a less active earthquake region*
*Note: we cannot predict earthquakes
Cook Inlet public weather zones now included in Hinchinbrook entrance “Breakpoint”
Benefit:
*Reduce potential of overalerting using current tools and capabilities. A better systematic fix is being worked on.
*Alerting capability continues for very large quakes and greater tsunami risk.
Accepted risk:
*Cook Inlet zones may still have overalerting issue when smaller quakes occur in the Northern Gulf or Prince William Sound
How Did we Fix this with Current Tools?
Challenges:
NWS Weather Zones aren’t “Tsunami” zones
Wireless Emergency Alert and EAS require other agency support
Quick Solution:
Shift assigned NWS Weather Zones from one breakpoint to another
Better, long-term solution:
Design, build, and implement a tsunami alerting dissemination system that uses a hazard alerting boundary made for tsunami, and delivers through the NWS and U.S. Federal alerting system
Alaska - Building a Weather-Ready Nation
What Does the Future Hold?
Partial County Alerting - the ability to alert the intended portion of a Borough. This is based on NWS Forecast Offices’ forecast zones.
Tsunami Warning Polygons - the ability to warn on a more precise area. This would effectively rid of breakpoints.
Updated websites that show clearer messaging.
NWS lost quite a bit of institutional knowledge from our agency in 2025, so this steps will take time to achieve.
Call or Email 24/7/365!
anchorage.weather@noaa.gov
weather.gov/alaska
US National Weather Service Anchorage or nwsntwc
@NWSAnchorage or @nws_ntwc
Anchorage: 907-266-5127, NTWC: 907-745-4212
Alaska Weather Information Line @ 1-855-937-4977
Aviva Braun
Warning Coordination Meteorologist
Anchorage, Alaska
aviva.braun@noaa.gov
o: 907-266-5117
c: 907-230-1869
How do we communicate with partners?
Tsunami Warning Centers
State
Warning Points
NWS WFOs
Interagency partners
Local
Community
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Standard Procedure:
Alerts will be downgraded/cancelled once waves have remained below threshold for 3+ hours.
We do not say “all clear”.
That authority remains with local emergency management.
Cancellation Criteria
Countdown to cancellation