HomeMy WebLinkAbout05262017 Historic Preservation Laydown - USDA Lan
USDAUnited States Forest Alaska Region P.O.Box 21628 t)j a-(,
��...� Department of Service Juneau,AK 99802-1628
MOM Agriculture
File Code: 2360
Date: May 17, 2017
Commissioner Erickson
Seward Historic Preservation Commission
City of Seward
PO Box 167
Seward, AK 99664
Dear Commissioner Erickson:
Enclosed please find the Draft Final Programmatic Agreement among the USDA Forest Service,
Alaska Region, the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, and the Alaska State Historic
Preservation Officer Regarding Heritage Program Management on National Forests in the State
of Alaska. Thank you for reviewing a past version and responding with no additional comments
in a letter dated February 3, 2017. All past versions, comments, and how comments were
incorporated are available at www.fs.usda.gov/goto/4thPA.
I am writing to offer an opportunity to review the Draft Final prior to finalizing. Please provide
comments to the enclosed draft by May 26, 2017.
If you wish to provide comments,please contact Heritage Program Leader, Keri Hicks,by phone
at(907) 586-7859,by email at khicks@fs.fed.us,or by letter at the address above.
Thank you for your interest in the management of cultural resources on the Chugach National
Forest.
Sincerely,
yidet,e4. a Aipr44.4..e.--
REBECCA S. NOURSE
Acting Regional Forester
Enclosure(1)
cc: Theresa Thibault, John Kinsner, Melinda Hernandez-Burke
Caring for the Land and Serving People Printed on Recycled Papa
PROGRAMMATIC AGREEMENT
AMONG
THE USDA FOREST SERVICE,ALASKA REGION,
THE ADVISORY COUNCIL ON HISTORIC PRESERVATION,AND
THE ALASKA STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER
REGARDING
HERITAGE PROGRAM MANAGEMENT
ON NATIONAL FORESTS
IN THE STATE OF ALASKA
2017
Table of Contents
PREAMBLE 1
I. STIPULATIONS 3
a. Professional Qualifications 3
b. Professional Standards 3
c. Tribal Consultation and Participation 3
d. Other Interested Parties,Including Non federally Recognized Tribes 4
e. Streamlined Section 106 Procedures 4
II. GENERAL PROCEDURES 5
a. Integrating with NEPA 5
b. Identification 6
c. Evaluation of Historic Properties 7
d. Assessment of Effects(Findings) 7
e. Monitoring Activities 8
III. STANDARD SECTION 106 PROCEDURES 8
IV. HUMAN REMAINS 9
a. Inadvertent Discoveries 9
b. Intentional Excavation 9
V. EMERGENCY UNDERTAKINGS 9
VI. COLLECTIONS 9
VII. DOCUMENTATION AND REPORTING 10
a. Annual Summary of Activities 10
b. Emergency Undertakings 11
c. Cultural Resource Recording 11
d. Formatting 11
VIII. INTERAGENCY COLLABORATION 12
IX. COORDINATION WITH OTHER FEDERAL REVIEWS 4 13
X. TRAINING 13
XI. DISPUTE RESOLUTION 14
XII. AMENDMENTS 15
XIII. SUSPENSION 15
XIV. TERMINATION 16
XV. IMPLEMENTATION AND DURATION 16
SIGNATURES 18
APPENDIX A: GLOSSARY,ACRONYMS,AND ABBREVIATIONS 19
APPENDIX B: AUTHORIZED UNDERTAKINGS 25
I. ADMINISTRATIVE ACTIONS—GENERAL GUIDELINES 25
a. Activities Related to Acquisition of Land or Interests in Land—General Guidelines 25
b. Activities Carried Out Under an Authorization—General Guidelines 25
II. GROUND DISTURBING ACTIVITIES 27
a. Previously Disturbed Grounds-General Guidelines 27
b. Previously Undisturbed Grounds-General Guidelines 28
III. ROUTINE MAINTENANCE 28
a. Transportation—General Guidelines 28
b. Timber Management—General Guidelines 29
c. Historic Buildings and Structures—General Guidelines 29
IV. REMOVAL-GENERAL GUIDELINES 34
V. FIRE MANAGEMENT—GENERAL GUIDELINES 35
VI. MINE CLOSURES—GENERAL GUIDELINES 35
APPENDIX C: FORMS AND TEMPLATES 37
APPENDIX D: INVENTORY STRATEGY 42
I I
I. IDENTIFICATION 42
II. SURVEY STRATEGY 44
III. STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES FOR THE CONDUCT OF FIELD SURVEYS 45
APPENDIX E: ALASKA NATIVE TRIBES,ALASKA NATIVE CORPORATIONS,AND OTHER INTERESTED PARTIES
INVITED TO CONSULT 46
I. ALASKA NATIVE TRIBES 46
II. ALASKA NATIVE CORPORATIONS 47
III. OTHER INTERESTED PARTIES 48
III
PROGRAMMATIC AGREEMENT
AMONG
THE USDA FOREST SERVICE,ALASKA REGION,
THE ADVISORY COUNCIL ON HISTORIC PRESERVATION,AND
THE ALASKA STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER
REGARDING
HERITAGE PROGRAM MANAGEMENT
ON NATIONAL FORESTS
IN THE STATE OF ALASKA
Preamble
WHEREAS, the USDA Forest Service (Forest Service) manages the resources of the Chugach and
Tongass National Forests, which together comprise the Alaska Region; and
WHEREAS, this Regional Programmatic Agreement (Agreement) fully supersedes all provisions
of the Third Amended Programmatic Agreement Among the USDA Forest Service, Alaska
Region, the Advisory Council On Historic Preservation, and the Alaska State Historic Preservation
Officer Regarding Heritage Program Management On National Forests In the State of Alaska;
and
WHEREAS, the Forest Service has a multiple-use mission to manage its public lands and
resources in Alaska for a variety of resources, values, products, and uses which may affect
properties included in or eligible for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places
(National Register), hereafter referred to as historic properties as defined at 36 CFR
800.16(1)(1); and
WHEREAS, an "undertaking" is defined as "a project, activity, or program funded in whole or in
part under the direct or indirect jurisdiction of a Federal agency, including those carried out by
or on behalf of the Federal agency; those carried out with Federal financial assistance; those
requiring a Federal permit, license or approval" [36 CFR 800.16(y)]; and
WHEREAS, the Forest Service has established management policies, standards, manuals, and
guidelines designed for the management and treatment of cultural resources and historic
properties consistent with the spirit and intent of the National Historic Preservation Act of
1966, as amended (NHPA) (54 USC 300101 et seq.1) and its implementing regulations entitled
Protection of Historic Properties (36 CFR 800); and
WHEREAS, the Forest Service has consulted with the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation
(ACHP) and the Alaska State Historic Preservation Officer(SHPO) pursuant to Section 800.14(b)
of 36 CFR 800 implementing Section 106 (§ 306108) of the NHPA; and the Signatory Parties
agree that the Forest Service Alaska Region has an extensive history of compliance with the
1 Formerly 16 USC 470 et seq.
1
provisions of 36 CFR 800 that demonstrates that many undertakings can be implemented using
more cost-effective, expedited steps and procedures than those outlined in 36 CFR 800; and
WHEREAS, the Signatory Parties share a common desire to develop a flexible programmatic
approach for expeditiously implementing projects subject to Section 106 of the NHPA that will
satisfactorily take into account the effects of Forest Service undertakings on historic properties,
provide for tribal consultation and public participation, minimize redundant documentation,
and reduce the need for case-by-case review of routine activities when historic properties will
not be affected or when standard protocols and treatments can be applied; and
WHEREAS, execution of this Agreement by the Forest Service obligates each participating
Forest and Forest Supervisor to comply with the stipulations contained herein; and
WHEREAS, the Forest Service recognizes its government-to-government and government-to-
corporation relationships with federally recognized Indian tribes [as defined at 36 CFR
800.16(m)), hereinafter referred to as Alaska Native Tribes and Alaska Native Corporations [as
defined in Forest Service Manual (FSM) 1563.05]; and
WHEREAS, the Forest Service recognizes that some historic properties may be culturally
significant to Alaska Native Tribes and Alaska Native Corporations as well as non-federally
recognized tribes; and
WHEREAS, the Forest Service has invited the following Alaska Native Tribes and Alaska Native
Corporations to consult on the development of this Agreement (See Appendix E: Alaska Native
Tribes, Alaska Native Corporations, and Other Interested Parties Invited to Consult); and
WHEREAS, Chugach Alaska Corporation provided comments and Douglas Indian Association
and Organized Village of Kake reviewed the Agreement without providing additional comments;
and
WHEREAS, the Forest Service has invited the following local governments and other interested
parties to consult (See Appendix E: Alaska Native Tribes, Alaska Native Corporations, and Other
Interested Parties Invited to Consult), including Certified Local Governments; and
WHEREAS, Sitka Historic Preservation Commission provided comments and Seward Historic
Preservation Commission reviewed the Agreement without providing additional comments;
and
WHEREAS, determining that an undertaking has the potential to affect a historic property
requires subject matter expertise; only a qualified Heritage Professional may recommend to the
agency official whether a particular activity is an undertaking for the purposes of NHPA and
whether the terms of this Agreement may be applied or whether standard Section 106
procedures per 36 CFR 800 and FSM 2364.11 shall be followed;
2
NOW,THEREFORE, the Signatory Parties agree that all undertakings by the Forest Service
Alaska Region shall be implemented in accordance with the following stipulations in order to
take into account their effects on historic properties; and, when so administered, the
procedures specified in this Agreement for identification, documentation, evaluation, review,
consultation, and public notification and participation will be followed, in lieu of the
requirements of 36 CFR 800, and these procedures satisfy the Forest Service's Section 106
responsibilities for all subject undertakings.
I. Stipulations
a. Professional Qualifications
The Forests shall employ Heritage Professionals and non-government personnel through
the use of contracts or agreements or other instruments, who meet the following
professional qualification standards.
i. Forest Service Heritage Professionals shall meet professional qualifications
standards established by the Office of Personnel Management [§ 3061312
(a)(1)(B)] and found at FSM 2360.5, FSM 2360.91.1, and Forest Service Handbook
(FSH) 2309.12 Chapter Zero Code 04.1.
ii. The Forest Service may use the services of para-professionals provided they have
been trained in historic preservation in a training program to be developed in the
future in consultation with the SHPO, and are supervised by Forest Service
Heritage Professionals who meet the above professional qualifications.
iii. All non-government personnel shall meet the professional qualifications
standards found in the Secretary of the Interior's Professional Qualifications
Standards and Guidelines for Archeology and Historic Preservation as described
at 36 CFR 61.
b. Professional Standards
The Forest Service shall, per § 306131(a)(1), be responsible for the protection of historic
properties and will ensure that all actions taken by employees, contractors, or others
acting on behalf of the agency meet professional standards by maintaining a viable
Heritage Program as evidenced by policies and procedures outlined specifically in FSM
2360 and FSH 2309.12, as well as other Forest Service directives.
c. Tribal Consultation and Participation
The Forest Service shall consult with Alaska Native Tribes and Alaska Native
Corporations about properties of interest to them that may be affected by Forest
2 Formerly Section 112
3
Service undertakings pursuant to 36 CFR 800.2(c)(2), and identification of historic
properties pursuant to 36 CFR 800.4(a)(4). This consultation will be conducted in a
manner that reflects the nature and complexity of each undertaking and its potential
effects on historic properties during planning and implementation, regardless of
whether the Agreement applies or not. Property types may include, but are not limited
to: sacred sites as defined in Executive Order 13007 and FSM 1563.05; sacred places as
defined in FSM 1563.05; traditional use areas that may relate to the practice of
traditional religions as described in American Indian Religious Freedom Act (42 USC
1996); Native American graves under Native American Graves Protection and
Repatriation Act (NAGPRA) (25 USC 3001 et seq.); and Traditional Cultural Properties
(TCPs) in accordance with 36 CFR 800 and FSM 2363.17.
d. Other Interested Parties, Including Non-federally Recognized Tribes
i. The Forest Service shall seek and consider the views of stakeholders in a manner
that reflects the nature and complexity of each undertaking and its potential
effects on historic properties and the likely interest of the public in the effects on
historic properties pursuant to 36 CFR 800.2(5)(d).
ii. The Forest Service may choose to exclude undertakings from the provisions of
this Agreement and to follow standard Section 106 procedures at 36 CFR 800 if
stakeholder input demonstrates it is in the best interests of the resources or the
Agency (Section III. Standard Section 106 Procedures).
e. Streamlined Section 106 Procedures
If the Heritage Professional has determined that all of the criteria below have been
satisfied, streamlined procedures under this Agreement may be used and no further
consultation with SHPO is necessary unless circumstances warrant otherwise. If one or
more criteria are not met, the undertaking shall be subject to standard Section 106
procedures at 36 CFR 800 (Section III. Standard Section 106 Procedures).
i. The Area of Potential Effects (APE) has been identified. The APE is identified by
the Heritage Professional per FSM 2364.11.2.2 who will consider the direct,
indirect, and cumulative effects of the undertaking, including effects that might
compromise the visual integrity of surrounding historic properties, historic
districts, or National Historic Landmarks (NHL). The APE is not the same
(although it can be) as the "project boundaries" as defined in the National
Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) (42 USC 4321-4346). The APE can be smaller, or
larger, and multiple APEs may be included within the project boundaries.
1. When the APE falls within the boundary of a NHL, see Section VIII.
Interagency Collaboration.
4
ii. Appropriate identification and evaluation research has been carried out to the
degree required to make decisions regarding the historic properties that may be
affected by this undertaking (Section II.b. Identification, and Appendix D:
Inventory Strategy).
iii. Known cultural resources identified within the APE have been evaluated for
the National Register or have not been evaluated but are to be treated as
eligible per FSM 2363.22 and the provisions at Section Il.c. Evaluation of Historic
Properties. The Heritage Professional may determine a reevaluation is necessary
if, for example, new information about the property becomes available.
iv. Preliminary planning indicates a Finding of"no historic properties affected" [36
CFR 800.4(d)(1)] or"no adverse effect" [36 CFR 800.5(d)(1)] for the undertaking
on all known historic properties within the APE.
v. The undertaking falls into one of the categories included in Appendix B:
Authorized Undertakings.
1. If the undertaking involves a historic building or structure, Appendix B:
Authorized Undertakings can only be used if a baseline recordation exists and
the existing condition is documented.
II. General Procedures
a. Integrating with NEPA
i. The Forest Service may follow 36 CFR 800.8 in coordination procedures with
NEPA for Environmental Analysis (EA) or Environmental Impact Statements (EIS)
and use guidance provided in NEPA and NHPA:A Handbook for Integrating NEPA
and Section 106 by the Council on Environmental Quality, Executive Office of the
President and the ACHP (2013) for any agency activities requiring the
development of an EA/Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI) or EIS/Record of
Decision (ROD).
ii. When not following streamlined procedures under the terms of this Agreement,
Forest Service may follow 36 CFR 800.8(c) to use NEPA to substitute for standard
Section 106 procedures for any agency activities requiring the development of
an EA/FONSI or EIS/ROD.
iii. Actions reviewed under NEPA that qualify for a Categorical Exclusion (CE) still
require compliance with Section 106 of the NHPA and may follow standard
Section 106 procedures or, if applicable, the streamlined procedures described in
this Agreement.
5
iv. Procedures at 36 CFR 800.4(b)(2) for Phased Identification and Evaluation may
be followed when the APE covers a large area or the exact location of proposed
activities is to be determined; an example would be a large scale/long term
vegetation management project. These procedures allow for phasing the
identification of cultural resources and the assessment of effects in order to
issue a NEPA decision document prior to concluding the Section 106 process. It
will be clearly indicatee in the NEPA decision document that 36 CFR 800.4(b)(2) is
being followed and that Section 106 procedures are not concluded.
b. Identification
i. The Heritage Professional shall use the best available methods for identifying
historic properties in the APEs for undertakings. In addition to standard
literature and archival research, the Forest Service may use current predictive
models developed for locating historic properties on National Forest System
lands. In all cases, the Heritage Professional will use current professional
standards in carrying out identification activities:
1. Heritage Professionals will follow the guidelines set forth in FSM 2363 and
FSH 2309.12 Chapter 30 to identify, evaluate, and allocate cultural resources
to a management category. The direction contained within FSH 2309.12
Chapter 30 applies to these activities regardless of whether they are
conducted under Section 106 or Section 110 (§ 306101-306107 and 306109-
306114) of the NHPA, or Archaeological Resources Protection Act (ARPA) (16
USC 470aa et seq.) or other authorities.
2. Heritage Professionals will consult with Alaska Native Tribes and Alaska
Native Corporations and other traditional users pursuant to 36 CFR
800.4(a)(3) and 36 CFR 800.4(a)(4).
3. Heritage Professionals, in keeping with the Secretary of the Interior's
Standards for Identification, will use their best professional judgement in
creating an appropriate cultural resource identification strategy "undertaken
to the degree required to make decisions".
4. Predictive modeling is based on current research relating to isostatic
rebound and landscape level changes, including ancient shorelines, fossil
beaches, refugia, and submerged cultural resources (Appendix D: Inventory
Strategy). Current statistical models have identified "probability zones" of
"high" or"low" which are predictors of potential cultural resource density.
The models will be tested and updated on a continuing basis.
5. "Probability zones" will be reviewed annually and revised as needed when
summarizing activities (Section VII. Documentation and Reporting).
6
6. Heritage Professionals shall ensure that any previous identification efforts in
the APE meet current standards as defined in Appendix D: Inventory
Strategy, and if not, shall follow Appendix D to ensure that current standards
are met.
c. Evaluation of Historic Properties
i. Properties will be evaluated for eligibility using criteria at 36 CFR 60.4 as
determined appropriate by a Heritage Professional.
1. Historic properties that have been formally evaluated and have received
SHPO concurrence shall be covered under the terms of this Agreement.
2. Cultural resources which have been identified, but have not been formally
evaluated for eligibility to the National Register shall be treated as eligible
historic properties per FSM 2363.22 under the terms of this Agreement.
3. The Heritage Professional shall determine whether a property's
circumstances have changed and an eligibility evaluation requires updating
prior to an undertaking.
d. Assessment of Effects (Findings)
i. A Finding of "no historic properties affected" [36 CFR 800.4(d)(1)] shall be
applied to undertakings for which the Heritage Professional has determined
there will be no effects to historic properties.
ii. A Finding of"no adverse effect" [36 CFR 800.5(d)(1)] shall be applied to
undertakings for which the Heritage Professional has determined there will be
no adverse effects to historic properties.
iii. Cumulative effects must be included in the assessment of effects and if there is a
reasonable foreseeable potential for an "adverse effect", a conditional Finding of
"no adverse effect" may be applied if conditions are imposed to avoid them per
36 CFR 800.5(b). Conditions are project specific. Examples include:
1. Requiring Leave No Trace principals be practiced for activities such as
camping, hiking, and picnicking in areas near or on historic properties, and
requiring that areas where activities occur are not subject to large volumes
of visitor traffic that may cause adverse effects through overuse.
2. Requiring "avoidance" of historic properties as a matter of Forest Service
policy such as rerouting trails, road realignments, changes in designs, or
limiting visitor numbers to reduce impacts.
7
iv. When the Heritage Professional determines that an undertaking will result in an
"adverse effect" [36 CFR 800.5(d)(2)j, then the undertaking shall be subject to
standard Section 106 procedures at 36 CFR 800(Section III. Standard Section 106
Procedures).
e. Monitoring Activities
i. To ensure compliance with this Agreement, Heritage Professionals shall monitor
activities during or post-implementation of undertakings.
1. If a conditional Finding of"no adverse effect" is applied, the undertaking may
proceed, but requires monitoring on a schedule that the Heritage
Professional deems appropriate for the activity and the resource to confirm
that the Finding remains "no adverse effect".
2. Should monitoring reveal that historic properties are being adversely
affected, the SHPO and any appropriate Alaska Native Tribe(s) or Alaska
Native Corporation(s) shall be notified, and standard Section 106 procedures
shall be followed (Section III. Standard Section 106 Procedures).
III. Standard Section 106 Procedures
Any undertakings that do not meet the criteria in Section I.e. Streamlined Section 106
Procedures shall be subject to standard Section 106 procedures.
a. When desired by the Forest Service, or requested by the Signatory Parties, the Forest
Service may apply the standard Section 106 procedures for any individual undertaking
that would otherwise be covered under this Agreement.
b. When switching from the modified procedures allowed by this Agreement to the
standard Section 106 procedures, the Signatory Parties shall consult about where to
best enter the standard Section 106 process.
c. Discoveries and Unanticipated Effects
i. The SHPO and any appropriate Alaska Native Tribe(s) or Alaska Native
Corporation(s) shall be notified by the Forest Service as soon as practicable
(within a maximum of 48 hours) upon confirmation of the discovery that a
known historic property or previously unidentified cultural resource has been
affected by an undertaking in accordance with the provisions of 36 CFR
800.13(a)(1) and at that point the Forest Service shall revert to standard Section
106 procedures for determination of eligibility and assessment of effects.
ii. All activities in the vicinity of the discovery shall cease and reasonable efforts
shall be taken to avoid or minimize harm to the resource.
8
IV. Human Remains
a. Inadvertent Discoveries
In the event that any human remains are encountered, work in the immediate vicinity of
the discovery shall cease. Forest Service shall, as appropriate, comply with the most
current State protocols for reporting discovery of human remains, which is available
through the Office of History and Archaeology (OHA)/SHPO. If, after State protocols
have been carried out, the potential for Alaska Native human remains is identified, the
Forest Service shall follow NAGPRA procedures as outlined at 43 CFR 10, and ARPA
procedures as outlined at 43 CFR 7.
b. Intentional Excavation
The Forest Service shall develop a NAGPRA Written Plan of Action [43 CFR 10.5(e)] or
Comprehensive Plan [43 CFR 10.5(f)], in consultation with the appropriate Alaska Native
Tribe(s) and Alaska Native Corporation(s), governing intentional recovery of human
remains. The Forest Service shall notify the SHPO in advance of such an undertaking
and provide an opportunity to comment.
V. Emergency Undertakings
a. In the event of a declared emergency per 36 CFR 800.12 or in the case of an immediate
threat to life or property as determined by the Forest Service, the Forest Service and its
mutual aid partners will implement, to the extent prudent and feasible, any measures
that could avoid or minimize harm to historic properties. The Forest Service may assume
the eligibility of a cultural resource or group of resources for inclusion in the National
Register without consultation with the SHPO and shall carry out preservation of
damaged properties in a manner that will not adversely affect them.
b. The SHPO, the ACHP, Alaska Native Tribe(s), and Alaska Native Corporation(s) will be
notified of the emergency. If circumstances allow, those notified shall have seven days
to comment [36 CFR 800.12(b)].
VI. Collections
a. The Forest Service Alaska Region has a limited collection policy. When conducting
surveys, only diagnostic artifacts (by time, function, etc.) are collected, along with
appropriate material samples for analysis (Carbon-14, pollen, etc.). When conducting a
controlled excavation, whether in-house or by contract, the Principal Investigator,
following a prepared research design, identifies the appropriate materials for collection
and retention in the permanent record. Materials may include artifacts, regardless of
whether they are diagnostic, using current techniques, as well as material samples that
include rocks, minerals, soils, flora (including charcoal and pollens), and fauna. All
9
collected materials are curated in perpetuity with the exception of those samples which
are subject to destructive analysis. This is standard professional practice in order to
ensure that samples are retained for analysis using future techniques.
b. Collections are managed according to FSM 2366 and FSH 2309.12 Chapter 60 and will be
housed in a facility meeting standards in 36 CFR 79.
c. When conducting investigations on State land, Forest Service personnel and personnel
working on behalf of the Forest Service will follow the State collection policy.
d. When conducting investigations on lands governed by other laws, Forest Service will
follow collection policies outlined in the applicable law or negotiated with the
landowner.
VII. Documentation and Reporting
a. Annual Summary of Activities
i. A summary of activities shall be prepared annually using existing and readily
available information within the Forest Service established recordkeeping
procedures, and will be shared with Signatory Parties and any other interested
parties upon request.
ii. The content of the summary will include:
1. The Secretary of the Interior's Annual Report to Congress for the most
recently completed fiscal year.
a. Noteworthy project(s) carried out on each District are included in the
narrative section of the Secretary of the Interior's Annual Report to
Congress.
2. Cultural resource inventory reports that were completed under the terms of
this Agreement.
3. A spreadsheet containing the following summary data which identifies:
a. Undertakings that followed standard procedures.
b. Undertakings that followed streamlined procedures.
c. Undertakings that resulted in new inventory.
d. New cultural resources identified.
10
e. Known cultural resources revisited and/or monitored.
f. Unanticipated discoveries.
g. Existing MOAs and their status on meeting stipulations.
h. Previous or current undertakings that resulted in a conditional Finding of
"no adverse effect", to include the date the APE and/or relevant cultural
resources were last monitored, and their noted conditions.
i. Training accomplished by Heritage staff and Line Officers per Section X.
Training.
4. A short narrative assessment of how the Agreement procedures are working,
with recommendations for future changes.
5. Proposed changes to the appendices, if any.
b. Emergency Undertakings
i. Emergencies per 36 CFR 800.12. The Forest Service shall document properties
discovered or affected by an emergency undertaking, including post-emergency
preservation efforts, and shall submit a final report to the SHPO and affected
Alaska Native Tribe(s) and/or Alaska Native Corporation(s) within six months of
the conclusion of the emergency response action and any associated
preservation efforts.
c. Cultural Resource Recording
i. If new cultural resources are discovered during the Identification and Evaluation
phase, a Forest Service Cultural Resource Record (CRR) shall be completed and
submitted to the Alaska Heritage Resources Survey (AHRS) Coordinator for entry
into the AHRS database and the cultural resource information will be updated in
the Forest Service database.
ii. If previously known cultural resources are monitored and conditions have
changed, an updated Forest Service CRR shall be completed and submitted to
the AHRS Coordinator for entry into the AHRS database and the cultural resource
information will be updated in Forest Service database.
d. Formatting
i. All reports will be formatted using PDF and shall be submitted electronically.
Paper copies of reports may be provided to appropriate parties upon request.
11
VIII. Interagency Collaboration
a. In order to foster cooperative relations, the Forest Service will invite Signatory
Parties and any other interested parties to a review meeting every two years
(biennial).
i. Meetings may be conducted in any mutually agreeable location and/or format,
including in-person, video conferencing, or teleconferencing.
ii. At a minimum, participants from the Forest Service will include the Regional
Forester, Forest Supervisors, and Regional and Forest level Heritage and Tribal
Relations program managers.
iii. At a minimum, invitees will include SHPO, ACHP, Alaska Native Tribes, Alaska
Native Corporations, and any other interested parties.
iv. Topics for discussion shall include:
1. A review of the summary of activities accomplished during the past two fiscal
years (Section VII.a. Annual Summary of Activities).
2. Upcoming program of work.
3. Ongoing dialogue about how the Agreement is working and whether any
changes need to be made.
b. SHPO staff will participate in the Forest Service Alaska Region monthly Heritage program
calls.
c. The SHPO agrees to use the Forest Service CRR to populate the AHRS database for new
and updated cultural resource information from the Forest Service. Forest Service
Heritage staff will transition to using the Forest Service CRR.
d. The Forest Service and SHPO will be mutually responsible for accuracy of their
respective records systems.
e. The Forest Service and the SHPO mutually agree to share current information regarding
any cultural resources reported on National Forest System lands.
f. Heritage Professionals may conduct field surveys for cultural resources on State
intertidal lands, and they may conduct field surveys on other State lands on a case-by-
case basis in consultation with the SHPO.
i. Field surveys conducted on State intertidal lands will not require Forest Service
Heritage Professionals to obtain Alaska State Field Archaeology Permits.
12
ii. Work conducted on other State lands may require a permit and shall be
determined in consultation with the State Archaeologist.
iii. The Forest Service shall collect the minimum amount of data needed to make a
determination of eligibility. Any collections remain the property of the State of
Alaska and shall be curated in an OHA approved repository in accordance with
State collection policies.
iv. All such work is conducted in a collaborative sense of shared stewardship
responsibilities.
g. Given the requirements of 36 CFR 800.10, when the APE falls within the boundary of a
NHL, the Forest Service will consult with the National Park Service's Alaska Regional
Office NHL Coordinator to ensure that our findings are in agreement. If there is the
potential for an adverse effect, standard Section 106 procedures shall be followed
(Section III. Standard Section 106 Procedures).
IX. Coordination with Other Federal Reviews
a. A Federal agency that is not a Signatory Party may use this Agreement to satisfy its
Section 106 responsibilities for an undertaking on National Forest System lands by
notifying the Signatory Parties in writing that it agrees to the terms of the Agreement.
An amendment need not be executed to add the Federal agency as an invited signatory
requesting to use the Agreement and to grant it all the rights and responsibilities stated
therein.
b. Any Federal agency using this Agreement to satisfy its Section 106 responsibilities for an
undertaking on National Forest System lands agrees that the Forest Service shall be the
primary point of contact on the use of the Agreement and shall provide the Forest
Service the opportunity to comment on materials prior to submission to the SHPO.
X. Training
a. Forest Service Heritage staff, including temporary or seasonal staff, shall receive
baseline training in the procedural requirements for complying with the NHPA, to
include Section 106 and Section 110. Training venues include but are not limited to in-
house, National Preservation Institute, ACHP, and SHPO; both classroom and online
courses are available.
b. Forest Service Heritage staff shall receive refresher training in standard Section 106
procedures every three years while this Agreement is in effect.
c. Within six months of the signing of this Agreement, SHPO and the Forest Service shall
prepare draft implementation guidelines for Heritage staff and Line Officers describing
13
how to use this Agreement. The goals of the implementation guidelines are to 1)
acquaint Heritage staff and Line Officers with the various approaches for complying with
Section 106, 2) provide guidance for deciding which approach to use, and 3) provide
case examples and best practices for applying each approach. Within twelve months of
the signing of this Agreement the implementation guidelines will be finalized.
d. Forest Service Heritage staff and Line Officers shall receive training in the use and
implementation of this Agreement as an alternative to standard Section 106 procedures
within six months of completing the implementation guidelines described above.
e. New Forest Service Heritage staff and Line Officers shall receive training in the use and
implementation of this Agreement as an alternative to standard Section 106 procedures
within the first six months of their hiring.
f. Any Forest or District that is suspended from use of this Agreement per Section XIII.
Suspension,for any period of time, must ensure that the Line Officer and District staff
complete training in standard Section 106 procedures as soon as practicable upon
suspension.
Xl. Dispute Resolution
a. Should SHPO object within 30 calendar days after receipt of any documents provided for
review pursuant to this Agreement, or object to the manner in which this Agreement is
being implemented, the Forest Service shall consult with SHPO to resolve the objection.
If the Forest Service determines that such objection cannot be resolved, the Forest
Service will:
i. Forward all documentation relevant to the dispute, including the Forest Service's
proposed resolution, to the ACHP. The ACHP shall provide the Forest Service
with its advice on the resolution of the objection within 30 calendar days of
receiving adequate documentation. Prior to reaching a final decision on the
dispute, the Forest Service shall prepare a written response that takes into
account any timely advice or comments regarding the dispute from the Signatory
Parties, and provide them with a copy of such written response. The Forest
Service will then proceed according to its final decision.
ii. If the ACHP does not provide its advice regarding the dispute within the 30 day
time period, the Forest Service may make a final decision on the dispute and
proceed accordingly. Prior to reaching such a final decision, the Forest Service
shall prepare a written response that takes into account any timely comments
regarding the dispute from the Signatory Parties to the Agreement, and provide
them with a copy of such written response.
14
iii. The Forest Service's responsibility to carry out all other actions subject to the
terms of this Agreement that are not the subject of the dispute remain
unchanged.
b. At any time during implementation of the measures stipulated in this Agreement,
should an objection to any measure be raised by an Alaska Native Tribe, Alaska Native
Corporation, or other interested party, the Forest Service shall take the objection into
account and consult as needed with the objecting party, the SHPO, others as needed,
and the ACHP if necessary to resolve the objection.
XII. Amendments
a. Appendices. Upon written agreement of the Signatory Parties, any appendix to this
Agreement may be modified without formal amendment to this Agreement.
Modifications shall be distributed to the Signatory Parties and concurring parties and
appended to this Agreement.
b. Body of Agreement. This Agreement may be amended when such an amendment is
agreed to in writing by all Signatory Parties.The amendment will be effective on the
date a copy signed by all of the Signatory Parties is filed with the ACHP.
XIII. Suspension
a. Each Forest and District is responsible for following the terms of this Agreement and
may be independently suspended, as described below, without affecting participation of
the others.
b. Failure of a Forest to have a qualified Heritage Professional officially carrying out the
responsibilities of the Forest Archaeologist/Heritage Program Manager for more than 60
days will result in the Forest and all its Districts being suspended from participation in
this Agreement.
c. The decision to add or suspend a Forest or District's participation in this Agreement shall
ultimately be made by the Regional Forester, following consultation with the Signatory
Parties and the appropriate Line Officer.
i. The Regional Forester shall monitor compliance with the terms of this
Agreement and may upon his or her own initiative suspend a Forest or District
from participation in this Agreement.
ii. Before a Forest or District is suspended from use of this Agreement,
representatives of the Regional Forester and the SHPO will meet with the
appropriate Line Officer to develop remedial steps to resolve any concerns that
led to the suspension proposal. A remediation plan will be developed, signed by
15
the Line Officer and SHPO, and submitted to the Regional Forester for review.
Remediation plans will include, at a minimum, completion of training in standard
Section 106 procedures by the Line Officer and District staff and demonstrated
program improvement to be determined by the Signatory Parties.
iii. Failure by the Forest or District to carry out the remediation plan within the
timeframe proscribed will result in suspension of the Forest or District from the
Agreement. A Forest or District suspended from this Agreement must follow the
standard Section 106 procedures described in 36 CFR 800 with regard to all
undertakings.
iv. Suspension may be lifted by the Regional Forester after the Forest or District has
carried out the remediation plan to the satisfaction of the Regional Forester and
the SHPO.
v. A Forest or District that has been suspended from this Agreement may be placed
on a probation period after suspension is lifted. During a probation period, the
Forest or District may be required to provide additional documentation,
negotiated with the SHPO and Regional Forester, regarding compliance activities.
vi. The length of the probation period will be established by the Regional Forester
and SHPO and will be based on the severity of the infraction that led to the
suspension.
XIV. Termination
a. Any Signatory Party to this Agreement may terminate it by providing 60 calendar days
written notice by certified mail to the other Signatory Parties provided:
i. All parties seek to avoid termination by consulting on the Agreement, on
amendments or other actions that have caused a Signatory Party to seek
termination.
ii. This time frame may be extended for a specified period of time upon agreement
of all Signatory Parties to this Agreement. Termination of this Agreement, or
failure to abide by its terms shall require the Forest Service to comply with
standard Section 106 procedures with respect to undertakings that otherwise
would be reviewed under this Agreement.
XV. Implementation and Duration
This Agreement becomes effective on the date of the last signature written below and will
remain in effect for a period of five years unless amended per Section XII. Amendments or
terminated per Section XIV. Termination. The Signatory Parties will conduct a review of
16
operating satisfaction and document their findings in a supplement to the 5th year annual
summary of activities. If no critical problems are identified, the Agreement will remain in
effect an additional five years, for a total of ten years, at which point it may be renewed,
revised, or terminated.
Execution of this Agreement evidences that the Forest Service has afforded the SHPO and the
ACHP a reasonable opportunity to examine and share their views on how it manages historic
properties and unevaluated cultural resources. Execution of this Agreement and
implementation of its terms also evidences that the Forest Service has satisfied their Section
106 responsibilities under the NHPA for all individual undertakings on Alaska National Forests
subject to the terms of this Agreement.
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Signatures
Signatory Parties:
BETH G. PENDLETON Date
Regional Forester, Alaska Region
USDA Forest Service
JUDITH E. BITTNER Date
Alaska State Historic Preservation Officer
Office of History and Archaeology
JOHN M. FOWLER Date
Executive Director
Advisory Council on Historic Preservation
Concurring Parties:
TERRI MARCERON Date
Forest Supervisor
Chugach National Forest
M. EARL STEWART Date
Forest Supervisor
Tongass National Forest
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APPENDIX A: Glossary,Acronyms, and Abbreviations
Definitions used in this Agreement are the same as those in the NHPA and 36 CFR 800, unless
otherwise defined in this Agreement.
2008 Farm Bill Public Law 110-246, Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008,
(applicable section) Title VIII - Forestry, Subtitle B- Cultural and Heritage
Cooperation Authority, Sections 8101-8107
ABA Architectural Barriers Act. Federal agencies are responsible for ensuring
compliance with the ABA standards when funding the design,
construction, alteration, or leasing of facilities. ADA(Americans with
Disabilities Act) applies to businesses, State, and local governments and
does not apply to federal agencies.
ACHP Advisory Council on Historic Preservation
Agreement This Programmatic Agreement
AHRS Alaska Heritage Resources Survey
Alaska Native Corporations and Government-to-Corporation Consultation
"Created under the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (43 USC Chapter
33), these corporations manage lands and resources for Alaska Natives.
While not federally recognized Indian tribes, consultation is required with
these organizations in some instances as if they were Indian tribes
pursuant to Public Laws 108-199 and 108-447 directing all Federal
agencies to consult with Alaska Native Corporations on the same basis as
Indian tribes under Executive Order 13175. This type of consultation is
considered government-to-corporation, rather than government-to-
government" (FSM 1563.05).
APE Area of Potential Effects
ARPA Archaeological Resources Protection Act
CFR Code of Federal Regulations
Character Defining Features
Character refers to all those visual aspects and physical features that
comprise the appearance of every historic building. Character-defining
elements include the overall shape of the building, its materials,
craftsmanship, decorative details, interior spaces and features, as well as
the various aspects of its site and environment. See Technical
Preservation Brief#17 for more information.
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Consolidant Consolidants and adhesives are used in materials conservation to
impregnate and strengthen materials or to repair pieces that are
broken. Polyvinyl Acetate (PVA) is one chemical formulation that can be
used to glue objects, but also, when diluted, can be used to impregnate
materials to strengthen them. Elmer's Glue is one example of a PVA.
CRR Cultural Resource Record
Cultural Resources "An object or definite location of human activity, occupation, or use
identifiable through field survey, historical documentation, or oral
evidence. Cultural resources are prehistoric, historic, archeological, or
architectural sites, structures, places, or objects and traditional cultural
properties....cultural resources include the entire spectrum of resources
for which the Heritage Program is responsible from artifacts to cultural
landscapes without regard to eligibility for listing on the National Register
of Historic Places" (FSM 2360.5). Note that this is also the accepted NEPA
definition of"cultural resources".
District Ranger District on the Chugach or Tongass National Forest
EA Environmental Assessment
EIS Environmental Impact Statement
Federally Recognized Tribe
"An American Indian or Alaska Native tribal entity that is recognized as
having a government-to-government relationship with the United States,
with the responsibilities, powers, limitations, and obligations attached to
that designation, and is eligible for funding and services from the Bureau
of Indian Affairs. Furthermore, federally recognized tribes are recognized
as possessing certain inherent rights of self-government (i.e., tribal
sovereignty) and are entitled to receive certain federal benefits, services,
and protections because of their special relationship with the United
States" from Bureau of Indian Affairs Frequently Asked Questions.
FONSI Finding of No Significant Impact. A FONSI is the final decision document
signed as part of an Environmental Assessment under NEPA.
Forest Chugach or Tongass National Forest
Forest Service USDA Forest Service
FSH Forest Service Handbook
FSH 1509.13 Forest Service Handbook, American Indian and Alaska Native Relations
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FSH 2309.12 Forest Service Handbook, Heritage Program Management
FSM Forest Service Manual
FSM 1563 Forest Service Manual, Tribal Relations
FSM 2360 Forest Service Manual, Heritage Program Management
Government-to-Corporation Consultation
See Alaska Native Corporations and Government-to-Corporation
Consultation
Government-to-Government Consultation
"Also "Tribal Consultation". The timely, meaningful, and substantive
dialogue between Forest Service officials who have delegated authority
to consult, and the official leadership of federally recognized Alaska
Native Tribe(s) or Alaska Native Corporation(s), or their designated
representative(s), pertaining to decisions or actions that may have tribal
implications" (FSM 1563.05).
Heritage Professional
Heritage Professionals are employed at the Region, Forest or District level
as the Regional Heritage Program Leader, Forest Heritage Program
Manager/Leader (Forest Archaeologist), and District or Zone
Archaeologist. "A Forest Service staff or advisory position with education
and expertise in archaeology, history, cultural resources management, or
related disciplines. Heritage Professionals are in the GS-170-History, GS-
190-General Anthropology, and GS-193-Archaeology job series. They
provide professional recommendations and services to help land
managers meet their Heritage Program responsibilities" (FSM
2360.5)..."including cultural resource identification (inventory),
evaluation, allocation, protection, stewardship, curation, and reporting.
Only Heritage Professionals may make management recommendations
and review and recommend approval of heritage work done by
archaeological technicians, paraprofessionals, contractors, cooperators,
and volunteers" (FSM 2360.91.1.).
Historic property "Any prehistoric or historic district, site, building, structure, or object
included in, or eligible for inclusion in, the National Register of Historic
Places maintained by the Secretary of the Interior. This term includes
artifacts, records, and remains that are related to and located within such
properties. The term includes properties of traditional religious and
cultural importance to an Indian tribe or Native Hawaiian organization
and that meet the National Register criteria" [36 CFR 800.16(I)(1)].
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HVAC Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning
Indian tribe "An Indian tribe, band, nation, or other organized group or community,
including a native village, regional corporation or village corporation, as
those terms are defined in section 3 of the Alaska Native Claims
Settlement Act (43 USC 1602), which is recognized as eligible for the
special programs and services provided by the United States to Indians
because of their status as Indians" [36 CFR 800.16(m)]. For this
Agreement the more commonly used "Alaska Native Tribe(s)" and
"Alaska Native Corporation(s)" is the preferred terminology when
referring to "Indian tribe(s)".
Leave No Trace An established program "built on seven core principles that...were
developed to help educate and guide recreationists in sustainable
minimum impact practices that mitigate or avoid recreation-related
impacts". The seven principles are:
• Plan Ahead and Prepare
• Travel and Camp on Durable Surfaces
• Dispose of Waste Properly
• Leave What You Find
• Minimize Campfire Impacts
• Respect Wildlife
• Be Considerate of Other Visitors
(from Leave No Trace Seven Principles Overview).
Line Officer Management personnel within the Forest Service organization consisting
of: Secretary of Agriculture, Chief of Forest Service, Regional Foresters,
Forest Supervisors, and District Rangers. Refers to the line of authority
and responsibility. "Within the constraints of applicable law, regulation,
and policy and the limits of their assignments, Line Officers in the Forest
Service are delegated authority and assigned responsibility to:
1. Plan, establish, and evaluate overall policies and programs.
2. Advise superior officers on matters of policy and program
administration.
3. Supervise the formulation of, approve, and issue necessary directives,
goals, policy, procedure, and standards.
4. Direct and supervise employees under their jurisdiction.
22
5. Estimate workload and staffing needs of their organizations, allocate
personnel and other resources, and expend funds within the limits and
authorities established at higher levels.
6. Sign and execute documents within authorities granted by higher
levels" (FSM 1230.41 Delegations of Authority and Responsibility).
Management Category
The Forest Service assigns a Management Category to cultural resources.
These include Preservation, Enhancement, Scientific Investigation, or
Release from Management under NHPA (see FSM 2363.3) which describe
how a particular resource will be managed in the future.
MHW Mean High Water
MLLW Mean Lower Low Water
MOA Memorandum or Memoranda of Agreement
NAGPRA Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act
National Register National Register of Historic Places
NEPA National Environmental Policy Act
NHL National Historic Landmark
NHPA National Historic Preservation Act
Non-Federally Recognized Tribe
Any Indian tribe that does not meet the definition of federally recognized
tribe (above).
OHA Office of History and Archaeology
Preservation Standard
Under the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for the Treatment of
Historic Properties there are four levels of intervention. The Preservation
standard requires the retention of the greatest amount of historic fabric,
along with the building's historic form, features and detailing as they
have evolved over time. This standard has the least amount of flexibility
and discourages addition of new materials and features to historic
buildings and structures.
Region USDA Forest Service Alaska Region
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Replacement in Kind
Under the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for the Treatment of
Historic Properties, 'replacement in kind' refers to matching the old
feature in composition, design, color, and texture. The use of this
Agreement requires following the Preservation standard for replacement
in kind meaning wood is replaced with wood, and alternative, synthetic
materials, are not used. If alternatives are proposed, then standard
Section 106 procedures will be followed.
ROD Record of Decision. A ROD is the final decision document signed as a
part of an Environmental Impact Statement under NEPA.
Sacred Place "Any specific location on National Forest System land, whether site,
feature, or landscape, that is identified by an Indian tribe, or the religious
societies, groups, clans, or practitioners of an Indian tribe, as having
important spiritual and cultural significance to that entity, greater than
the surrounding area itself. Sacred places may include but are not limited
to geological features, bodies of water, burial places, traditional cultural
places, biological communities, stone and earth structures, and cultural
landscapes uniquely connecting historically important cultural sites, or
features in any manner meaningful to the identifying Tribe" (FSM
1563.05).
Sacred Site "As identified in Executive Order 13007, any specific, discrete, narrowly
delineated location on Federal land that is identified by an Indian tribe, or
Indian individual determined to be an appropriately authoritative
representative of an Indian religion, as sacred by virtue of its established
religious significance to, or ceremonial use by, an Indian religion;
provided that the tribe or appropriately authoritative representative of
an Indian religion has informed the Agency of the existence of such a
site." (FSM 1563.05).
SHPO Alaska State Historic Preservation Officer
Signatory Party People/organizations who have signed this Agreement as a signatory.
Signatory Parties have review or other responsibilities identified in the
Agreement.
TCP Traditional Cultural Property
USC United States Code
USDA United States Department of Agriculture
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APPENDIX B: Authorized Undertakings
Qualified Heritage Professionals shall use "General Guidelines" for each heading to evaluate
whether or not the undertaking is covered under this Agreement. Examples of allowable
activities within the General Guidelines are provided to help the Heritage Professional evaluate
whether a particular undertaking is authorized under this Agreement. If an appropriate activity
is available, then the Heritage Professional shall document the reference for using this appendix
to the file and enter it into the Forest Service database. If a specific activity is not described,
but the undertaking otherwise meets the General Guidelines, the appropriate reference is the
General Guideline.
If the undertaking does not meet a guideline, then standard Section 106 procedures apply
(Section III. Standard Section 106 Procedures).
Undertakings are authorized under the terms of this Agreement with no further consultation
if all criteria listed in the body of the Agreement under Section I.e. Streamlined Section 106
Procedures,are met:
I. Administrative Actions—General Guidelines
Any administrative action that has no potential to cause effects to historic properties [per
36 CFR 800.3(a)(1)]. This includes the acquisition of land or interest in land. If land is
expected to be conveyed out of federal ownership standard Section 106 procedures
apply.
a. Activities Related to Acquisition of Land or Interests in Land—General Guidelines
i. Surveying and posting landline boundaries.
ii. Issuance of special use authorizations that simply transfer the authorization,
without modification, from one owner to another when private improvements
under the authorization are sold or transferred and no other actions are directly
authorized.
iii. Lands withdrawn from Mineral Entry so that they are closed to mining and
mineral exploration.
b. Activities Carried Out Under an Authorization—General Guidelines
Activities carried out under an authorization may affect historic properties. The
following activities governed by authorizations are allowed if less than one square
meter of cumulative ground disturbance across or over the authorized area will occur;
or the activities are authorized to occur in already disturbed areas, such as within the
existing footprint of roads,trails or other constructed campsites; Leave No Trace
principles are followed, activities are dispersed and overall number of visitors are low;
25
or are in areas that have been previously surveyed to current standards (as defined in
Appendix D: Inventory Strategy)and no historic properties have been documented.
i. Activities that occur under the authority of a special use authorization with
minimal ground disturbance, such as most commercial filming, apiary permits, or
research.
ii. Activities carried out under authorizations that allow use of an area for dispersed
activities involving a party size of 12 or fewer people. Examples include special
use authorizations for outfitter/guide hiking, picnicking, camping, or bear-
viewing visitation, or permits for Christmas tree cutting or special forest products
gathering.
iii. Winter Activities that occur on or near historic properties where historic
properties are subsurface and are protected by an adequate surface covering of
snow deep enough to ensure protection of the resource, as determined by the
Line Officer in consultation with the Heritage Professional, taking into
consideration the types of historic properties in the area, the types of activities
to occur, and temperature. Activities of this nature include snow machining,
downhill or cross country skiing, or other winter related activities.
iv. Activities that utilize existing roads, trails, or constructed campsites, and no
increase in the footprint of existing improvements is expected. Activities of this
nature include commercial hauling over existing roads.
v. Activities that include tree cutting or small scale vegetation management that
have minimal potential to affect historic properties.
vi. Permit renewals that do not change the terms of the permit, provided that
monitoring continues to demonstrate that no historic properties are affected or
adversely affected per previous application of a Programmatic Agreement or per
an existing MOA.
vii. Approval of previously approved Mining Plans of Operations that would add
another user, or the sale or transfer of an approved operation to other
individuals that would not change the terms of the Plan of Operations or affect
historic properties.
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II. Ground Disturbing Activities
a. Previously Disturbed Grounds-General Guidelines
Previously disturbed grounds are defined as those where natural or human
disturbance has modified the landscape so extensively that the likelihood of finding a
historic property is negligible in the opinion of a Heritage Professional.
i. Excavation work within two feet of existing footings and foundations.
ii. Ongoing routine maintenance of immediately surrounding landscaping (such as
mowing and lawn repair), including such modifications as removal of non-native
vegetation, adding single plants or shrubs that blend with the existing landscape,
or adding rocks to define paths, where not otherwise prohibited, so long as
existing landscape characteristics are maintained and the method of removal
and installation does not disturb previously undisturbed ground or historic
properties.
iii. Tree planting or removal in areas that have been previously disturbed by these
activities, including nursery beds and arboreta, provided existing landscaping is
maintained.
iv. Installation of utilities, such as sewer, water, or storm drains, electrical, gas, or
leach lines, and septic tanks, where installation is restricted to specific areas
previously disturbed by installation of utilities and the method of installation
does not encroach on previously undisturbed ground or historic properties.
v. Inventory, data and information collection (including collection of samples) as
long as less than one square meter of cumulative ground disturbance is involved,
including archaeological testing, land use and land cover, geological,
mineralogical, chemical, and resource evaluation activities, cadastral surveys, or
geophysical surveys.
vi. Expansion of vertical quarries, excavation of previously buried utility lines, and
any activities within the demonstrated vertical and horizontal limits of previous
disturbance or construction.
vii. Any undertaking that proposes less than one square meter of cumulative ground
disturbance. This includes activities relating to special use authorizations,
installation of signs, mechanical and electrical devices used for weather
observations, research purposes, etc.
viii. Placement or replacement of recreational, special designation, informational, or
directional signs, bulletin boards, barrier posts, and portable sanitation devices
27
in developed sites, trailheads, roads, or resort complexes, keeping in mind the
potential for indirect (e.g. visual) impacts to surrounding historic properties,
including National Register historic districts and NHLs.
ix. Any activities taking place in a previously approved Mining Plan of Operation
that is carried out within the original APEs and for which no historic properties
were discovered or would be adversely affected, including any operations such
as suction dredging that take place entirely within the wetted perimeter of a
stream.
b. Previously Undisturbed Grounds-General Guidelines
Previously undisturbed grounds are defined as those where no human disturbance has
significantly modified the landscape.
i. Limited reburials of human remains and other cultural items subject to NAGPRA
on Forest Service managed land at the request of, and in consultation with the
lineal descendants or culturally affiliated tribes following NAGPRA procedures
and in accordance with the 2008 Farm Bill.
ii. Invasive plant management activities that use hand-tools and/or otherwise use
minimally invasive procedures for plant management, including application of
herbicides provided that the Forest Service has determined that such actions will
not affect traditional gathering areas, plants that are part of a historic landscape,
or plants that might indicate the presence of cultural resources, including burials.
Ill. Routine Maintenance
a. Transportation—General Guidelines
Routine maintenance related to transportation where there is little or no potential to
affect historic properties,or where maintenance is limited to previously disturbed
areas, and provided the road,trail, or other constructed feature(s)are not themselves
historic.
i. Routine maintenance is limited to road maintenance, including activities such as
resurfacing, grading, and snow removal as long as activities are limited to the
existing road prism which includes the road and the right of way. This includes
parking lots, spurs, airstrips and heliports, as well as stockpiling of road materials
and temporary speed control devices.
ii. Culvert replacement is limited to replacing existing culverts in the same location,
within the existing road prism as long as the culvert is the same size or smaller.
Larger culverts requiring additional ground disturbance may be allowed if the
28
area has been surveyed to current standards as defined in Appendix D: Inventory
Strategy and no historic properties were documented.
iii. Recurrent brushing activities to control vegetation within existing clearing limits
of roads, parking lots, airstrips, or heliports.
iv. Existing bridges, trails, walks, paths, and sidewalks can be maintained if the area
has been surveyed to current standards as defined in Appendix D: Inventory
Strategy and no historic properties were documented. Additionally, the
maintenance activities must fall within the existing prism and the
structure/feature itself is not historic.
b. Timber Management—General Guidelines
Under most circumstances,timber management (not including timber harvest) has
little or no potential to affect historic properties. Any management that does not
include large scale ground disturbing activities may be carried out under the terms of
this Agreement.
i. Pre-commercial tree thinning.
ii. Firewood collection.
iii. Removal of dead and down trees along road and trail corridors, or related to fire
management activities near structures.
iv. Removal of hazard trees.
c. Historic Buildings and Structures—General Guidelines
This section can only be used if a baseline recordation of the building or structure
exists and the existing condition is documented.
Four treatment options are available under the Secretary of the Interior's Standards
for the Treatment of Historic Properties: Preservation, Rehabilitation, Restoration,or
Reconstruction.
Only undertakings involving Preservation are allowed under this Agreement.
Any undertakings involving Rehabilitation, Restoration, or Reconstruction are subject
to standard Section 106 procedures.
All undertakings that involve historic buildings or structures shall use the Secretary of
the Interior's Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties as the primary
guidance for treatment,and more specifically only the Standards for Preservation and
29
Guidelines for Preserving Historic Buildings shall be used and allowed to apply this
appendix.
Routine maintenance generally has little or no potential to adversely affect historic
properties provided that it is carried out in such a manner that allows key character
defining features of the historic property, which contribute to its eligibility to the
National Register,to be retained.
Additionally, replacement of entire architectural feature(s) such as a door or window,
regardless of whether the replacement is in kind, does not fall under the Preservation
treatment standard and is thus subject to standard Section 106 procedures.
The Heritage Professional makes the determination of whether a feature is historic
and/or character defining and recommends to the Line Officer whether this appendix
can be applied.
To use this section: Each subsection is ordered by degree of intervention: protection
and repair followed by limited replacement.
i. Preservation -General Guidelines
Evaluate the existing condition of historic features and determine the least
level of intervention needed, keeping in mind that preservation strives to
retain existing materials and features while employing as little new material as
possible. If the severity of deterioration requires repair or limited replacement
of a portion of a distinctive feature,the new material will match the old in
composition, design, color, and texture (limited replacement in kind). Only
limited replacements are allowed under the Preservation standard and only
when there are surviving prototypes. The following examples are routine
maintenance activities that may be applied:
1. Building Exterior Features (including roofs, foundations, porches, trim, and
siding)
a. Protecting by retaining coatings such as paint that help protect the wood
from moisture and ultraviolet light. Paint removal should be considered
only where there is paint surface deterioration and as part of an overall
maintenance program which involves repainting or applying other
appropriate protective coatings. Damaged or deteriorated paint should
be removed to the next sound layer using the gentlest method possible
including hand-scraping and hand-sanding (never use open flame, sand-
blasting, or water-blasting), then repainting with colors that are
appropriate to the historic building.
30
b. Protecting and maintaining a roof by replacing deteriorated flashing.
c. Repairing, stabilizing, and conserving exterior features using well-tested
consolidants, when appropriate. Repairs should be physically and visually
compatible and identifiable only upon close inspection.
d. Repairing exterior features by patching, piecing-in, or otherwise
reinforcing using recognized preservation methods.
e. Replacing in kind extensively deteriorated or missing parts of exterior
features is approved when there are surviving prototypes such as
brackets, moldings or sections of siding or roofing, and the replacement
matches the old in material, design, color, and texture.
2. Windows and Doors (including frames, sash, trim, molding, and hardware)
a. Protecting and maintaining through appropriate surface treatments such
as rust removal, limited paint removal, and reapplication of protective
coating systems (see guidelines under the Building Exterior Features
section above).
b. Making weather tight by re-caulking and replacing weatherstripping.
c. Repairing by patching, piecing-in, consolidating or otherwise reinforcing
using recognized preservation methods.
d. Replacing in kind extensively deteriorated or missing parts of windows or
doors (such as frames, sash, sills, hardware, and trim) is approved when
there are surviving prototypes of the deteriorated or missing parts and
the replacement matches the old in material, design, color, and texture.
3. Structural Systems
a. Repairing exposed or unexposed elements of the structural system by
augmenting or upgrading individual parts or features using recognized
preservation methods. For example, weakened structural members such
as floor framing can be paired with a new member, braced, or otherwise
supplemented and reinforced.
b. Replacing in kind those visible portions or features of the structural
system that are either extensively deteriorated or missing is approved
when there are surviving prototypes and the replacement matches the
old in material, design, color, and texture.
31
c. Using substitute materials may only be considered for unexposed
structural elements, such as roof rafters or trusses.
4. Building Interior Features (including floors, ceilings, and staircases)
a. Repairing or refinishing of historic floor covering or other features such as
ceilings and staircases, including reapplication of protective coating
systems and provided the replacement matches the old in material,
design, color, and texture.
b. Replacing in kind only those portions of historic flooring or interior
features such as ceilings and staircases that are extensively deteriorated
or missing parts and provided the replacement matches the old in
material, design, color, and texture.
c. Replacement of modern floor coverings, with historically compatible
materials, design, and color as determined to be appropriate by the
Heritage Professional.
5. Mechanical Systems (including radiators, plumbing, HVAC, and electrical).
Historic plumbing fixtures, lighting fixtures, and heating features should be
retained and used if possible; when not possible, the following are allowed:
a. Repairing mechanical systems by augmenting or upgrading system parts,
such as installing new pipes and ducts, rewiring, or adding new
compressors or boilers, provided that new system parts are not visible to
the public or are in keeping with the period of significance for the
building or structure in which they are housed.
b. Replacing in kind those visible features of mechanical systems that are
extensively deteriorated such as ceiling fans, switchplates, radiators,
grilles, light fixtures, or plumbing fixtures as long as they match the
historic features or are in keeping with the period of significance for the
building or structure in which they are housed.
6. Historic Property Site Features (including driveways, walkways, vegetation,
signs, and fencing that are considered contributing elements to the historic
property)
a. Protecting and maintaining site and plant features through appropriate
treatment methods including rust removal, limited paint removal, and
reapplication of protective coating systems on fencing; and pruning and
vegetation management.
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b. Repairing features of the site using recognized preservation methods.
The new work should match historic materials, design, workmanship, and
colors so that the historic appearance remains unaltered.
c. Replacing in kind extensively deteriorated or missing parts of site
features where there are surviving prototypes such as fence balustrades
or paving materials. The new work should match historic materials,
design, workmanship, and colors so that the historic appearance remains
unaltered.
7. Structures (including bridges, roads, trails, culverts, and other structures)
Where existing materials clearly are not the original and are not in-character
with the original, non-historic and out-of-character materials may be
removed and replaced with materials that match or are more compatible
with original fabric, design, color, etc. of historic structures provided a period
of significance for the historic structure has been established, and the
changes are in keeping with that period of significance.
ii. Rendering Inoperable -General Guidelines
Features within historic properties may be rendered inoperable in order that
they continue to be a contributing feature to a historic property.
1. Rendering inoperable, but not removing, historic fixtures (such as gas lights,
plumbing fixtures, cannons, etc.).
iii. Application of Architectural Barriers Act (ABA)—General Guidelines
If during the course of routine maintenance activities, elements of the ABA can
be met without causing adverse effects to a historic property then this
Agreement may be used. Any significant alterations resulting in a
Rehabilitation, Restoration, or Reconstruction of a historic building or structure
will require following standard Section 106 procedures.
iv. New Materials-General Guidelines
When required for modernization of utility systems (e.g. plumbing, electrical,
fuel, and communications), new materials may be used; key historic features
such as hand pumps and historic light fixtures, are retained; and modern
elements are screened or otherwise rendered 'invisible' so as to protect the
visual integrity of the building or structure. Introduction of large antenna,
satellite/communication dishes and similar features are disallowed. Default
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building code is the International Existing Building Code, Chapter 12— Historic
Buildings. Examples include:
1. Installation of dry insulation installed in a manner that does not damage the
property's historic fabric.
2. Replacement of metal water tanks with ones of fiberglass, when the color
and texture of the existing or historic tank are replicated or when
landscaping camouflages the replacement tank. Construction of a structure
around a tank to control temperature is allowed when landscaping
camouflages the change.
3. Replacement of lightning rod wiring with new copper wire.
4. Installation of fire or smoke detectors, burglar alarms or other security
systems or security devices, such as dead bolts, door locks, window latches,
and door peep holes if they are installed in a manner that does not damage
any of the property's historic fabric and are sited in an unobtrusive manner.
5. Installations that are temporary for the purposes of security or safety of the
site (such as temporary doors and window covers to protect the building or
structure and visitors, temporary signage, etc.) provided their installation
does not damage historic materials.
6. Installation of interpretive signs or exhibit structures which are not attached
to historic buildings or structures and do not visually intrude on the historic
property. Signs should be constructed of materials and painted colors that
harmonize with the historic property and its setting.
IV. Removal -General Guidelines
Removal of non-historic features within a historic property is allowed including previously
determined ineligible objects and materials (such as abandoned vehicles, dumps, and
fences);or removal of objects and materials demonstrably less than 50 years old
providing that those objects and materials are not associated with a property that has the
potential to be determined eligible for the National Register.
a. Removing toxic building materials (such as radon, asbestos containing materials, and
buried oil tanks) only after thorough testing has been conducted and only after less
invasive abatement methods have been shown to be inadequate and when such
removal will not damage the character defining features of the property.
b. Lead paint abatement when it is done through limited scraping and encapsulation.
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c. Removal of graffiti using historic preservation methods that will not damage the
character defining features of the property.
d. Activities, such as removal of logjams and debris that are carried out entirely within an
active streambed, even if the streambed is directly adjacent to a historic property.
V. Fire Management—General Guidelines
Procedures in an approved Fire Management Plan shall be followed in the event of a fire.
If a Fire Management Plan which prescribes treatment measures for historic properties is
not in place,the following shall apply to fire management during fires that have the
potential to affect historic properties. In each instance the goal is to minimize impacts to
historic properties from both fits and firefighting activities,and post-fire rehabilitation
activities:
a. Fire shelter fabric or other protective materials, including fire retardant foam and other
wetting agents, or equipment may be utilized to protect historic properties.
b. Vegetation, including trees that may impact historic properties, may be removed and
fire lines or breaks may be constructed within the boundaries of known cultural
resources or historic properties using hand tools, so long as ground disturbance is
minimized, and features are avoided.
c. Prescribed fire is allowed in areas that fit one or more of the following: burned within
the last 40 years; without heavy fuel buildup; area of low intensity fire. APE includes
burn areas, staging areas, hand lines, escape routes, and safety zones.
d. Hazard fuel management including thinning operations and removal of dead and
downed trees and vegetation are approved provided that management activities occur
outside of cultural or historic landscapes and/or concentration(s) of culturally modified
trees and equipment used will not introduce ground disturbance.
VI. Mine Closures—General Guidelines
Mine closures may be carried out under this Agreement as long as no actions compromise
the mine's eligibility to the National Register and actions are reversible:
a. Removal of petroleum products and other hazardous substances that are in modern-age
containers do not constitute an action with the potential to affect historic properties, so
long as this can be accomplished without any ground disturbance or disturbance or
removal of any historic artifacts or features within the historic property.
b. Routine maintenance at active mines that includes replacing timber sets with rock bolts,
steel bands and wire screening, and barring down loose rocks.
35
c. Installation of gates or grates for mine openings that provide bat habitat or where
future access is required.
d. Backfill with rock material or overburden. Blasting or other 'cave in' options are
considered ground disturbing and have the potential to affect a historic property. These
methods require standard Section 106 procedures.
e. Installation of foam plugs, corrugated metal pipe, mortar and stone wall, or concrete
caps with inlaid natural rock to reduce UV degradation and for visual affect.
f. Installation of corrugated metal pipe with a front stabilization at the portal provided
that any shoring and the removal of hazardous rock/material from above the portal do
not constitute an action with the potential to adversely affect historic properties.
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APPENDIX C: Forms and Templates
This appendix contains standard forms and templates to be used under the terms of this
Agreement.
Forest Service Cultural Resource Record:
37
41$,k1
Cultural Resource Record
SITE NAME
Unit: Smithsonian Number:
Managing Unit: FS Number:
State: Other Numbers:
County:
Date of this record: ❑Initial Record 0 Supplemental Record/Update
I.GENERAL SITE INFORMATION
Resource Type: TCP: 0
Site Type(all that apply): ❑Prehistoric ❑ Historic ❑ Unknown
Management Use:
Site Description Narrative:
Structure(s)Present: ❑ Yes
Site Dimensions:
Length: /Bearing: Width: /Bearing:
Meas.Method(Length): Meas.Method(Width):
Site Area: Depth of Site:
Site Condition:
Condition Narrative:
Surface Visibility:
Vandalism Present: E Yes No
Vandalism Narrative:
Disturbances:
Threats:
Protection:
Treatments:
Mgmt.Recommendations:
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY: Forest Service Cultural Resource information is confidential and cannot be reproduced
physically or digitally without written permission from the Unit's Forest Service Heritage Program Manager.
Page 1 of 4
Management Narrative:
II.LOCATION INFORMATION
Type of Ownership:
USGS Quadrangle(s):
Legal Description:
PM Township Range Section Quarter Sections
Coordinates:
r
Zone/Datum Easting I Northing
Longitude Latitude
Elevation:
Directions to Site:
Address:
III.LEGAL STATUS INFORMATION
National Register Status: ❑ Listed .. Eligible ❑ Not Eligible _Unevaluated
District Association: This site Contributes ❑ Does Not Contribute
To:
Status Organization:
National Register Status Date:
Criteria:
National Register Eligibility Status Narrative:
Significance Period:
Theme:
Other Designations:
IV.COMPONENT INFORMATION
Site Component Type: Prehistoric Historic — Unknown
Component Function/Activity:
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY: Forest Service Cultural Resource information is confidential and cannot be reproduced
physically or digitally without written permission from the Unit's Forest Service Heritage Program Manager.
Page 2 of 4
Cultural Affiliation:
Cultural Affiliation Narrative: Cultural Affiliation: Period:
Period: Date Range:
Dating Method:
Feature Summary Narrative:
Feature Description:
Artifact Summary Narrative:
Artifact Description:
Rock Art/Art Panel Description:
V.OTHER FEATURES ON SITE
VI. ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION
On-Site Vegetation Narrative:
Natural Community:
Faunal Community:
Physiographic Region:
Landform Feature:
Slope: Aspect:
Site Position Narrative:
Major Drainage:
Basin: Subbasin:
Nearest Water Name:
Distance:
Geology/Geomorphology:
Soil: ;
Soil Depth:
VII. SITE ASSOCIATIONS
Current action resulting in the documentation of this site:
Project/Undertaking Name ID Date
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY: Forest Service Cultural Resource information is confidential and cannot be reproduced
physically or digitally without written permission from the Unit's Forest Service Heritage Program Manager.
Page 3 of 4
Previous actions associated with this site:
Project/Undertaking Name ID Date
People and organizations associated with this site:
Contact Name Relationship
Documentation linked in Infra:
List of Infra Attachments:
ID Title Document Type
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY: Forest Service Cultural Resource information is confidential and cannot be reproduced
physically or digitally without written permission from the Unit's Forest Service Heritage Program Manager.
Page 4 of 4
APPENDIX D: Inventory Strategy
This appendix describes the procedures for meeting the requirements of 36 CFR 800.4(b) by: 1)
defining cultural resource probability zones; 2) describing the survey intensity appropriate to
each probability zone; and 3) defining standards and guidelines for the conduct of on-the-
ground inventories within the APE.
I. Identification
a. In all cases, areas previously surveyed with techniques and/or documentation that do
not meet current standards as identified in this appendix, will require additional survey
and documentation for the current project APE under consideration.
b. The Forest Service shall use predictive models that identify "Probability Zones" in order
to better calculate the probability that historic properties exist or have the potential to
exist within any given area. At all times, the Forest Service will use the best available,
and most current, model for the area being analyzed.
c. Probability Zones are defined as areas of land where the probability that a cultural
resource will be discovered is either "high" or "low" based on models that take into
account the physical, biological, and cultural features and history of those areas or
approximately similar areas. The basic premise is that areas with suitable habitat or
resources, both currently and in the past, are more likely to have a greater cultural
resource density, and probability of discovery, than areas without suitable habitat or
resources. Probability zones are dynamic approximations based on previous cultural
resource discoveries and analyses, and are iteratively updated and applied as new data
is acquired.
d. Probability zones will be reviewed annually and revised as needed at the time of the
annual summary of activities to reflect current predictive models as they are updated.
e. The Forest Service Alaska Region recognizes high and low probability zones, with slight
differences in their meaning between the Tongass National Forest and the Chugach
National Forest. For both Forests, anything that is not included in the high probability
zone are considered to be in the low probability zone.
i. High probability zones include Forest Service managed and adjacent lands with
the following elements that are common to both Forests:
1. Areas identified through historic or ethnographic research or oral history.
2. Paleo-shoreline systems including elevated/fossil marine, river, and lake
terrace systems.
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3. Landscapes altered by catastrophic events such as earthquakes which might
cause a rise or lowering of lands; or shorelines and riverbanks with
immediate short term erosion due to rising sea levels, storm surges and
other erosional processes.
4. Caves and rockshelters, areas of karst landforms, and/or igneous rock
formations known for caves and rockshelters, if in the estimation of the
Heritage Professional, in consultation with the Forest geologist as
appropriate, the land has significant potential to contain cultural resources.
5. River valley, lake, and river systems providing passes or portages across
larger land masses.
6. Lake and stream systems containing, or known to have contained,
anadromous fish runs; including a focus on barrier falls locations in such
systems.
7. Areas of known resource extraction activities including former lode and
placer mining activity, fish processing,fur industry, and forest products
industry.
8. Known sources of potential raw materials (obsidian sources; exceptional
concentrations of cedar trees, etc.).
9. Alpine areas if historic or ethnographic research or previous surveys
conducted nearby indicate cultural use, such as high elevation mountain
peaks overlooking saltwater that may contain rock cairns.
10. Areas associated with cultural practices or beliefs of a living community that
are rooted in a community's history or are important in maintaining the
continuing cultural identity of the community such as TCPs or cultural
landscapes.
11. All lands, regardless of slope,from Mean Lower Low Water (MLLW) in the
intertidal area to 100 ft above Mean High Water (MHW) are considered to be
in the high probability zone.
ii. Additional refinements of the model for each Forest or District are described
below.
1. Tongass National Forest
Current research related to isostatic rebound and eustatic sea level change
provides evidence that sites may be found at elevations outside of the high
probability zone. If the Heritage Professional determines that specific areas
43
on their districts have a high potential for cultural resources discovery, based
on best available data, those areas shall be considered to be within the high
probability zone for the purposes of this Agreement.
a. Prince of Wales Island and Vicinity—Prince of Wales Island and the
islands surrounding it have confirmed early Holocene sites that are
located within the high probability zone as defined above and up to 120
ft above MLLW (approximately 100 ft above MHW).
2. Chugach National Forest
a. Ice patches and fossil ice patches as identified through satellite
photography, digital ortho-photographs, or direct observation.
II. Survey Strategy
a. If, in the judgement of the Heritage Professional, the probability of encountering historic
properties is low, then the Heritage Professional may rely on literature reviews and
other non-field related research, and shall use their best professional judgement in
deciding what, if any, level of on-the-ground survey is deemed necessary.
b. In conducting field surveys for undertakings on Forest Service and adjacent lands,
regardless of ownership, the probability zones shall be inventoried as follows:
i. High probability zones:
1. Intensive survey of all locations of direct, indirect, and cumulative impact in
the undertaking's APE. Indirect effects are determined on a case-by-case
basis (e.g. visual effects for a historic property in which setting is a significant
characteristic).
2. Intensive survey of a sample of the high probability zone outside the
undertaking's APE, but within the larger project area; location and acreage
surveyed to be determined on a case-by-case basis.
ii. Low probability zone:
1. Intensive survey of a sample of the locations of direct, indirect, and
cumulative impact in the APE; location and acreage surveyed to be
determined on a case-by-case basis.
c. The Forest Service will continue to develop, test, and improve the accuracy of cultural
resource locational modeling by employing post-implementation monitoring of
previously surveyed areas in both high and low probability zones. Areas to be
44
monitored and sampling strategy will be determined on a case-by-case basis, relying on
the judgement of the Heritage Professional.
Ill. Standards and Guidelines for the Conduct of Field Surveys
a. Surveys shall generally be guided by an explicit research design or scope of work. If a
research design is not needed or used, the rationale shall be documented in the survey
report.
b. Cultural resource surveys that are performed specifically for compliance with NHPA or
NEPA shall be designed and executed in such a manner as to provide reasonable
assurance that all historic properties located in the APE will be discovered. A
systematic, complete inspection of the areas surveyed is required (intensive survey), to
ensure that Line Officers have sufficient cultural resource information to help them
choose between alternatives.
i. Systematic means consistent use of procedures or methods of inspection that
yield demonstrably reliable and replicable results.
ii. Complete means use of pedestrian survey following transects (with intervals of
no greater than 20 meters) coupled with frequent sampling of the subsurface
with soil probes, and shovel-excavated test pits where needed, to verify the
presence of cultural materials. Natural exposures are also closely examined.
iii. Sampling and collection of materials for laboratory processing may be necessary
for cultural resource discovery or verification.
c. All surveys and archival record searches will be documented in the Forest Service
database, completing all required fields.
d. Each newly discovered cultural resource will be thoroughly recorded using the Forest
Service CRR with all fields completed for which data is known.
e. Each Forest Service CRR will have the following attached: appropriate area of a 15-
minute 1:63,360 scale US Topo map with the cultural resource location clearly indicated;
appropriate area of best available aerial imagery with the cultural resource location
clearly indicated; a sketch map of the cultural resource indicating the approximate
locations of major features and/or artifact concentrations; photographs of the cultural
resource in its setting, and of features and artifacts; and additional detailed feature
drawings as needed.
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APPENDIX E: Alaska Native Tribes,Alaska Native Corporations, and Other Interested Parties
Invited to Consult
I. Alaska Native Tribes
Angoon Community Association
Central Council Tlingit & Haida Indian Tribes of Alaska
Chenega Bay IRA Council
Chickaloon Village
Chilkat Indian Village
Chilkoot Indian Association
Craig Tribal Association
Douglas Indian Association
Hoonah Indian Association
Hydaburg Cooperative Association
Kenaitze Indian Tribe
Ketchikan Indian Community
Klawock Cooperative Association
Knik Tribal Council
Metlakatla Indian Community
Nanwalek IRA Council
Native Village of Eklutna
Native Village of Eyak
Native Village of Tatitlek
Native Village of Tyonek
Ninilchik Traditional Council
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Organized Village of Kake
Organized Village of Kasaan
Organized Village of Saxman
Petersburg Indian Association
Port Graham Village Council
Seldovia Village Tribe
Sitka Tribe of Alaska
Skagway Traditional Council
Village of Salamatoff
Wrangell Cooperative Association
Yakutat Tlingit Tribe
II. Alaska Native Corporations
Cape Fox Corporation
Chenega Corporation
Chickaloon-Moose Creek Native Association
Chugach Alaska Corporation
Cook Inlet Regional Corporation
Eklutna Incorporated
English Bay Corporation
Eyak Corporation
Goldbelt, Incorporated
Haida Corporation
Huna Totem Corporation
Kake Tribal Corporation
47
Kavilco Inc.
Klawock Heenya Corporation
Klukwan Inc.
Knikatnu Incorporated
Kootznoowoo Inc.
Ninilchik Native Association, Inc.
Port Graham Corporation
Salamatof Native Association, Inc.
Sealaska Corporation
Seldovia Native Association
Shaan-Seet Inc.
Shee Atika Incorporated
Tatitlek Corporation
Tyonek Native Corporation
Yak-Tat Kwaan, Inc.
III. Other Interested Parties
Municipality of Anchorage
City of Angoon
City of Cordova
City of Craig
City of Fairbanks
City of Gustavus
City of Homer
City of Hoonah
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City and Borough of Juneau
Kenai Peninsula Borough
Ketchikan Gateway Borough
Petersburg Borough
City of Seward —Seward Historic Preservation Commission
City and Borough of Sitka —Sitka Historic Preservation Commission
City of Soldotna
City of Thorne Bay
City of Valdez
City of Wasilla
City of Whittier
City and Borough of Wrangell
City and Borough of Yakutat
49